ANSC 221 Purdue Final Exam All Answers Correct
Who was Dr. William Beaumont? ️️He tried to close a hole in the stomach of Alexio St. Martin.
What did Dr. William Beaumont propose? ️️Proposed in 1833 that the noises you hear from your
stomach are stomach contractions and not spirit.
...
Who was Dr. William Beaumont? ✔️✔️He tried to close a hole in the stomach of Alexio St. Martin.
What did Dr. William Beaumont propose? ✔️✔️Proposed in 1833 that the noises you hear from your
stomach are stomach contractions and not spirit.
Who is Lavoisier? ✔️✔️The Father of Nutrition
What did Lavoisier design? ✔️✔️Designed a calorimeter which measured the heat produced by the
body from work and consumption of varying amounts and types of foods
Who was Dr. James Lind? ✔️✔️A British naval surgeon who determined that lemon juice (called limes)
kept sailors healthy, preventing scurvy. Hence the British navalmen are called limeys.
What did Babcock propose? ✔️✔️feed dairy cattle feed from just one source, all corn plant or all
wheat plant
Who were the associates of Babcock that finished his feeding experiment? ✔️✔️Hart, Humphrey,
McCollum, and Steenbock
What did Funk do? ✔️✔️Named vitamins after "vital amines", thought newly discovered things were
amines
What was the earliest recorded nutritional experiment? ✔️✔️Book of Daniel in the Bible. Daniel was
among the finest young men captured by the King of Babylon when the Babylonians over ran Israel, and
was to serve in the King's court. He was to be fed from the King's table of fine foods and wine. Daniel
objected and preferred his own choices, which included vegetables (pulses) and water. The chief
steward was afraid for his head, but agreed to a trial. Daniel and his friends received his own diet for 10
days and then were compared to the King's men. As they appeared fitter and healthier, they were
allowed to continue with their own foods, not defiling themselves with those of the King.
,Define a sugar ✔️✔️A term usually denoting a mono or di saccharide. Technically sugars are
polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or their anhydrides.
Define monosaccharide ✔️✔️a simple sugar, composed of one sugar molecule
Define disaccharide ✔️✔️Two units of simple sugars combined. Example: sucrose is composed of
glucose + fructose.
Define polysaccharide ✔️✔️Any chain of sugar molecules composed of more than two simple sugars is
usually called a polysaccharide, although technically there are trisaccharides as well as monosaccharides
and disaccharides.
Define starch ✔️✔️A polysaccharide composed of repeating units of maltose (glucose + glucose)
hooked together with alpha bonds. Quite digestible. Two forms are amylase and amylopectin.
Define cellulose ✔️✔️A complex carbohydrate composed primarily of glucose molecules hooked
together with beta bonds. Since the beta bond is unbreakable by any mammalian enzyme (mammals
don't make cellulase), it is indigestible without microbial help.
Define glycogen ✔️✔️A form of polysaccharide that is stored in animal cells for ready energy. It is
made of all glucose, with considerable branching in its structure. It is only present in very limited
quantities for a ready supply of stored energy.
Define glucose ✔️✔️A simple sugar, monosaccharide, hexose. The most important sugar as blood
sugar. Most polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose) are made up of repeating units of glucose
Define ribose ✔️✔️A pentose (5 carbon simple sugar) that is in the structure of RNA and DNA. Its
importance nutritionally is much less however, than that would indicate because we do not have to
consume it; the body can manufacture what is needed.
Define fructose ✔️✔️A monosaccharide (hexose). Part of sucrose (talbe sugar). Used in soft drinks as a
sweetener in place of more expensive sucrose.
, Define galactose ✔️✔️
Define maltose ✔️✔️A dissacharide composed of 2 units of glucose hooked together with alpha
bonds. It forms the repeating unit of starch. Quite digestible.
Define cellobiose ✔️✔️
Define hemicellulose ✔️✔️
Define lignin ✔️✔️
Define amylase ✔️✔️
Define amylopectin ✔️✔️A kind of starch (a polysaccharide) composed of sugar molecules with
considerable branching (as contrasted with amylose which contains little branching).
Define amylose ✔️✔️
Define cellulase ✔️✔️
Define xylose ✔️✔️
Define acetic acid ✔️✔️
Define propionic acid ✔️✔️A short chain, 3-carbon, volatile fatty acid. Important in nutrition as being
one of the VFA's formed by microbial fermentation in the rumen and cecum. Its salt is propionate
Define butyric acid ✔️✔️
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