NR 570 Final Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers | Latest Update | 2024/2025 | Rated A+
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NR 570 Final Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | Rated A+
What is the primary role of sodium in the body?
Sodium is essential for maintaining fluid balance and nerve conduction.
How does hyperkalemia affect cardiac function?
Hyperkalemia can lead to po...
NR 570 Final Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers | Latest Update |
2024/2025 | Rated A+
What is the primary role of sodium in the body?
✔✔Sodium is essential for maintaining fluid balance and nerve conduction.
How does hyperkalemia affect cardiac function?
✔✔Hyperkalemia can lead to potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and muscle
weakness.
What are the common symptoms of dehydration?
✔✔Symptoms include thirst, dry mouth, decreased urine output, and dizziness.
What is the most common cause of acute kidney injury?
✔✔Acute kidney injury is often caused by reduced blood flow to the kidneys, such as from
dehydration or sepsis.
What dietary modifications can help manage chronic kidney disease?
1
,✔✔Reducing protein, sodium, and potassium intake can help manage chronic kidney disease.
What is the significance of the JVP (jugular venous pressure) assessment?
✔✔JVP provides information about fluid status and heart function, particularly in heart failure.
How can you identify a patient at risk for developing heart failure?
✔✔Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and a history of myocardial infarction.
What is a key indicator of fluid overload in a patient?
✔✔Weight gain, swelling in the extremities, and shortness of breath are indicators of fluid
overload.
What is the first-line treatment for hypertension?
✔✔Lifestyle modifications, including diet changes and increased physical activity, are first-line
treatments.
What does a 12-lead EKG measure?
2
,✔✔A 12-lead EKG measures the electrical activity of the heart and can identify arrhythmias and
myocardial infarction.
What does ST elevation on an EKG typically indicate?
✔✔ST elevation often indicates acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) or pericarditis.
How can fluid balance be assessed in a clinical setting?
✔✔Fluid balance can be assessed through daily weights, input and output charts, and clinical
signs of dehydration or overload.
What are the consequences of hypomagnesemia?
✔✔Hypomagnesemia can lead to muscle cramps, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias.
How does the body compensate for respiratory acidosis?
✔✔The body compensates by increasing renal bicarbonate retention to balance pH levels.
What role does calcium play in the cardiovascular system?
✔✔Calcium is crucial for muscle contraction, including the contraction of the heart muscle.
3
, What are the key characteristics of nephrotic syndrome?
✔✔Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema.
What is the purpose of a cardiac stress test?
✔✔A cardiac stress test evaluates the heart's response to physical exertion and identifies
potential coronary artery disease.
What does T-wave inversion on an EKG signify?
✔✔T-wave inversion may indicate myocardial ischemia or electrolyte imbalances.
What are the most common electrolyte imbalances in patients with renal failure?
✔✔Common imbalances include hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia.
What is the function of the kidneys in fluid regulation?
✔✔The kidneys regulate fluid balance by adjusting the excretion or reabsorption of water and
electrolytes.
4
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