What is a disaster? - answeris a result of vast ecological breakdown in the relation between humans and their environment, as serious or sudden event on such scale that the stricken community needs extraordinary efforts to cope with outside help or international aid.
Natural disaster examples? -...
DISASTER MANAGEMENT EXAM
What is a disaster? - answeris a result of vast ecological breakdown in the relation between
humans and their environment, as serious or sudden event on such scale that the stricken
community needs extraordinary efforts to cope with outside help or international aid.
Man made disaster examples? - answeraccidents, bomb blast, terrorism, riots and violence
Characteristics of disasters? - answer-Causation
-Casualties
-Scope
-Intensity
Causation? - answerNatural or man made
Casualties? - answer-Number of human beings injured or killed by or as a direct
-Multiple casualty incident: >2 but <100
-Mass casualty incident: >100
Direct victims? - answerpeople experiencing event; dead and survivors
-May include displaced persons or refugees
Displaced persons? - answerforced to leave to escape effects of disaster; usually temporary
Refugees? - answerPeople forced to leave homeland due to war or persecution
Indirect victims? - answerrelatives or friends of direct victims
Scope? - answer◦Range of its effect, either geographically or in terms of the number of
victims
Intensity? - answer◦The level of destruction and devastation it causes
What are the four phases of disaster? - answer1. Mitigation:
◦Lessen the impact of a disaster before it strikes
2. Preparedness:
◦Activities undertaken to handle a disaster when it strikes
3. Response:
◦Search and rescue, clearing debris, and feeding and sheltering victims (and responders if
necessary).
4. Recovery:
◦Getting a community back to its pre-disaster status
Disaster management cycle and disaster nursing interventions for each phase of a disaster?
- answer1. Mitigation: Primary, secondary, & Tertiary prevention
2. Preparedness: Evacuate, minimize casualties, & prevent further casualties
3. Response: Rescue the victims, first aid, & Medical care
4. Recovery: Damage assessments, debriefing, & Debris removal
, Role of the CHN for disasters? - answer-Preventing disasters: Primary, secondary, & tertiary
prevention
-Preparing for disasters
How can we plan for disasters? - answer◦Disaster planning; personal preparation;
assessment for risk factors and disaster history
◦Establishing authority, communication, and transportation
◦Mobilizing, warning, and evacuating
Disaster nursing? - answerAdaptation of professional nursing skills in recognizing and
meeting the physical and emotional needs of the affected community resulting from a
disaster
Goal of disaster nursing? - answerto achieve the best possible level of health for the
community throughout all phases of a disaster event, including active participation in all
levels of disaster planning and preparedness.
Primary prevention seeks to...? Examples? - answerseeks to prevent disaster-related deaths,
injuries, or illness before they occur
-Examples
◦Community surveillance
◦Signs of possible terrorist activity
◦Public education
◦Evacuation
◦Immunization
◦Psychological resilience
Secondary prevention goal? Examples? - answerto mitigate the health consequences of a
disaster by providing education about injury control during the clean-up and recovery period
-Examples:
◦Deployment training
◦Patient safety
◦Damage Assessments
◦Crisis intervention
Tertiary prevention for disaster nursing? Examples? - answerminimizes the effects of disease
and disability among those already ill by setting up evaluation units where the chronically ill
can obtain access to short-term pharmaceuticals when their usual source of care has been
disrupted. Point of Distribution (POD) System may be used post-incident for distributing life-
sustaining commodities (such as prophylactic medications, water, ice, food, tarps, and other
bulk resources) to the public within the first 72 hours following a disaster or extraordinary
incident.
-Examples:
◦Medical station
◦Psychological support and referral for treatment
◦POD
The main objectives of disaster epidemiology during mitigation? - answerTo improve
prevention and mitigation strategies for future disasters by reviewing the information from
history and surveillance information from prior disasters.
What are the different types of preparedness? - answer-Personal preparedness
-Professional preparedness
-Community preparedness
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