Define ecosystem - ANSWERThe collective function of organisms and their environment
Where were the 2 crops discussed in the video grown? - ANSWERThe papaya was grown in Hawaii, and the banana was grown in Uganda
What are the 5 components of an ecosystem? - ANSWER1. Food chains
2. Diversity
...
Identify the 5 soil forming factors - ANSWER1. Climate
2. Organisms (biota)
3. Relief (topography)
4. Parent material
5. Time
What are the 3 functions served by soils? - ANSWER1. Anchorage for plants
2. Storage for water or nutrients for plant uptake
3. Habitat for soil organisms
What are inorganic fertilizers? - ANSWERSynthetic or processed fertilizers (NO
CARBON)
What are 3 types of organic fertilizers? - ANSWER1. Animal manure (feces or urine)
2. Compost (controlled decomposition of organic matter)
3. Green/plant manure (plants that are grown and plowed under to improve soil)
What are 2 risks of simplified agroecosystems? - ANSWER1. Diversity becomes
limited
2. Problems can become magnified
What pests threatened the 2 crops in the documentary? - ANSWERPapaya were
threatened by the ringspot virus (Hawaii)
Banana were threatened by banana wilt, bacteria (Uganda)
What % of total cropland in the U.S. and Texas is organic certified? - ANSWERU.S.
= 1.5%
TX = 0.5%
, What are the top 3 myths about organic production? - ANSWER1. Organic
production doesn't use pesticides (they do, ex. rotenone)
2. Organic is healthier (no data proving this)
3. Organic farming is better for the environment (less can be grown on the same
amount of land, and why not breed for genetic resistance to pests)
What is organic agriculture? - ANSWERProduction system with certain restrictions:
no synthetic fertilizers or pesticides, naturally derived pesticides are allowed, organic
fields have had no prohibited substances for 3 years
Name 5 different important functions that ecosystems provide - ANSWER1. Wildlife
2. Food production
3. Water regulation
4. Climate regulation
5. Disturbance regulation
List the 6 different fertilization methods - ANSWER1. Broadcast - granular form,
applied evenly across area
2. Injection - water soluble liquids or gas placed under soil near roots
3. Banding - applied at planting within 2" of seedbed
4. Popup fertilizers - placed IN the seedbed with seed
5. Side-dressing - placed alongside the row
6. Fertigation - injection fertilizer in irrigation water
What is soil erosion? What are the 4 ways to reduce its affects? - ANSWERThe
accelerated loss of soil through the action of wind or water
What are organic fertilizers? - ANSWERFertilizers derived from living matter that
contain carbon
Write the 17 essential elements and their abbreviation - ANSWERPrimary Macro:
C = carbon
H = hydrogen
O = oxygen
P = phosphorus
K = potassium
N = nitrogen
Secondary Macro:
S = sulfur
Ca = calcium
Fe = Iron
Mg = magnesium
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