Test Bank for Cognition: Exploring the Science of the Mind, 8th
Edition by Daniel Reisberg
, CHAPTER 1 m The Science of the Mind m m m m
LEARNING OBJECTIVES m
1.1. Describe the scope and goals of cognitive psychology.
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1.2. Understand the case of H.M., and the many ways that memory influences our lives.
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1.3. Describe the limitations of introspection as a method for scientific inquiry.
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1.4. Compare and contrast classical (Watsonian) behaviorism and cognitive psychology.
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1.5. Kant’s “transcendental method” is sometimes called “inference to best explanation.” Explain this method and
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m how it works.
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1.6. Describe the role, in the emergence of cognitive psychology, that was played by computer science and the
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m develop- ment of “computer intelligence.”
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MULTIPLE CHOICE m
1. Which of the following topics is NOT commonly studied within cognitive psychology?
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a. anger management
m c. memory
b. decision making m d. Attention
ANS: A mm m DIF: Easy REF: The Scope of Cognitive
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Psychology OBJ:
m m 1.1 MSC: Understanding
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2. Cognitive processes are NOT necessary for which daily activity?
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a. reading a m c. talking on the phone m m m
mnewspaper
d. breathing
b. studying for a test m m m
ANS: D m DIF: Easy REF: The Scope of Cognitive m m m
Psychology
m
OBJ: 1.1 MSC: Applying
3. Alyssa wants to be a psychologist but is unsure which topic within psychology most interests her. Which
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m of the following topics would be LEAST likely to lead her into cognitive psychology?
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a. amnesia c. Lyme disease m
b. language acquisition m d. problem-solving strategies m
,ANS: C mm m DIF: Easy REF: The Scope of Cognitive
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Psychology OBJ:
m m 1.1 MSC: Applying m
4. Consider the sequence “Betsy wanted to bring Jacob a present. She shook her piggy bank.” Most people,
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after hearing this sequence, believe Betsy was checking her piggy bank to see if she had money to spend on the gift. This
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inference about Betsy’s goals depends on the fact that
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a. our previous knowledge fills in background information whenever we’re understanding an
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mevent or conversation.
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b. readers are likely to know someone named Jacob.
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c. English, unlike other languages, requires speakers to mention all of the people involved
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min an event.
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d. the individual sentences are short.
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ANS: A mm m DIF: Easy REF: The Broad Role for
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Memory OBJ:
m m 1.1 MSC: Understanding m
5. Which of the following statements is LEAST likely to apply to patient H.M.?
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a. “He cannot remember what he did earlier today, including events that took place just an hour ago.”
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b. “He read this story last month, but he was still surprised by how the story turned out.”
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c. “Even though he has encountered the nurse many times, he is still unable to recognize her.”
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d. “He remembered that it was only a week ago that he’d heard the sad news that his uncle had died.”
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ANS: D mm m DIF: Moderate REF: Amnesia and Memory m m
Loss OBJ:
m m 1.2 MSC: Applying m
6. Research with H.M. provides an illustration for which major theme of the chapter?
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a. Introspection is an important research tool for cognitive psychologists.
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b. Cognitive psychology can help us understand a wide range of activities that depend on
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someone’s ability to remember.
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c. Memory is not very important. m m m m
d. The disruption caused by brain damage depends on how widespread the damage is, and not
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mon the specific sites that are damaged.
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ANS: m B DIF: Moderate REF: The Scope of Cognitive m m m
Psychology
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OBJ: 1.2 MSC: Evaluating
7. Patients suffering from clinical amnesia are characterized by
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a. memory dysfunction. m c. inarticulate speech. m
b. an inability to recognize
m m m d. impaired language comprehension.m m
mpatterns.
ANS: A mm m DIF: Easy REF: Amnesia and Memory m m
Loss OBJ:
m m 1.2 MSC: Remembering m
8. The term “introspection” refers to the
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a. process by which one individual seeks to infer the thoughts of another individual.
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b. procedure of examining thought processing by monitoring the brain’s electrical activity.
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, c. process of each person looking within, to observe his or her own thoughts and ideas.
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d. technique of studying thought by interpreting the symbols used in communication.
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ANS: C mm m DIF: Easy REF: The Limits of
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Introspection OBJ:
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9. A participant is asked to look within himself or herself and report on his or her own mental processes. This
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method
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is called
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a. logical inference.
m c. introspection.
b. reconstruction. d.
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ANS: C mm m DIF: Easy REF: The Limits of
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Introspection OBJ:
m m 1.3 MSC: Remembering m
10. Of the following, introspection is LEAST useful for studying
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a. topics that are strongly colored by emotion.
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b. mental events that are unconscious.
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c. processes that involve conceptual knowledge.
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d. events that take a long time to unfold.
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ANS: B mm m DIF: Moderate REF: The Limits of
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Introspection OBJ:
m m 1.3 MSC: Understanding
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11. Which of the following statements about introspection is FALSE?
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a. It is the only way to observe conscious events directly.
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b. It is subjective.
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c. It provides strong evidence for hypothesis-testing.
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d. It was a technique used historically to study cognition.
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ANS: C mm m DIF: Moderate REF: The Limits of
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Introspection OBJ:
m m 1.3 MSC: Understanding
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12. Genie wonders why she can never remember the names of new acquaintances. In search of an answer, she
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examines and reflects on her feelings about meeting new people. Genie is engaged in which process?
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a. practical rehearsalm c. learning history analysis
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b. introspection d. goal retrieval
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ANS: B mm m DIF: Moderate REF: The Limits of
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Introspection OBJ:
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13. Introspection was employed as a research tool in the late 1800s because
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a. it was regarded as the only way to observe the mind’s contents directly.
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b. it provided data from individuals without any specialized training.
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c. conscious events are just as important as unconscious events.
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