Samenvatting
Summary Grammatica Al Kitaab Part 1 Arabisch
- Vak
- Arabisch
- Instelling
- Universiteit Leiden (UL)
Een uitgebreide samenvatting van alle grammatica die wordt behandeld in Al Kitaab part 1. Arabische taal.
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 3 van de 24 pagina's
Voorbeeld 3 van de 24 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
Verkoper
Volgen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Pronouns and verbal conjugationsEnglish عربي
I …َأنا أ
You (masculine, singular) …أنتَ ت
You (feminine, singular) ت ت…ين
ِ أن
He …هُ َو ي
She …ِه َي ت
We ُ ن
…َحن ن
You (plural) وا/َأنتُم ت…ون
They وا/هُم ي…ون
Al Kitaab
Lesson 1 – Grammar 1
المُؤ َّنث والمُذكر
English عربي
feminine مُؤ َّنث
masculine مُذكر
Nouns & adjectives always carry gender.
In Arabic, there are two categories of nouns: those that refer to human beings (this includes
proper nouns, such as names), and those that refer to non-humans.
➢ the gender of human nouns follows the gender of the person.
➢ considering non-human nouns, each noun has its own gender which does not change.
! Mind that there is no neutral, non-gendered word for “it” in Arabic, you must use هوor هي
depending on the noun you are referring to.
The gender of adjectives, pronouns and verbs that refer to a noun must agree in gender with
the noun.
,The letter ةalmost always indicates a feminine gender. This letter is related to the letter ت,
and is pronounced as تin possessive phrases. In other cases ةis not pronounced, but the فتحة
that always precedes it is. (possessive phrases are discussed in lesson 3).
The Nisba Adjective
النسبة
النسبةis a type of adjective formed from nouns by adding the suffix:
→ي ّ for ( مذكرmasculine)
→ يّةfor ( مؤنثfeminine)
These adjectives generally indicate origin or affiliation, especially in reference to a place.
Nisbas are usually formed from nouns referring to a place or institution, such as university,
library, or house.
A few professions are also expressed with a nisba ending for instance: ( ميكانيكةmechanic)
and ( ساعاتيwatch repairer).
To form a nisba adjective from a place noun, follow these steps:
1) remove all ة, ال, and final ياor اfrom the place name
ّ for مذكرor يّةfor مؤنث
2) add the appropriate nisba ending: ي
Lesson 1 - Grammar 2
The Definite Article ال
الmakes a noun definite.
You cannot assume that all words without الare indefinite. There are definite words without
ال, such as proper names as well as nouns in one particular grammatical construction (will be
discussed in lesson 3).
You can assume that all words with الare definite.
In Arabic, abstract and generic concepts are expressed as definite nouns.
Examples of this are: العربية – الشاي – القهوة – الجامعة – الصباح
Arabic does not use an indefinite article to express “a” or “an”, indefiniteness is understood
from the absence of the definite article.
Concluding, the definite article الrefers to both specific and abstract or generic entities.
Indefiniteness of a word is understood from the absence of the definite article.
, Lesson 2 – Grammar 1
For subject pronouns and plural verb conjugations, see ‘pronouns and verbal conjugations’.
Noun Plurals
جمع االسم
English عربي
singular )ُمف َرد (م
plural )َجمع (ج
Plural Patterns
For forming plurals in Arabic, there are root patterns.
> roots & patterns constitute the basis of word formation in Arabic.
After you have identified and isolated the root of a word, everything else you see in that word
is part of the pattern.
فعل
Patterns are presented with the generic root
Two very common plural patterns are: َأ ْفعالand فُعول
You will notice that Arabic tends to distinguish between human- & non-human plurals. While
some patterns overlap, it is often possible to tell whether a plural noun is human or
non-human from its pattern.
Two patterns of plural formation in Arabic consist of suffixes:
→ Sound masculine plurals, which refer only to human beings
→ Sound feminine plurals, which refer primarily to groups of human females (will be
introduced in lesson 3).
Human Sound Masculine Plurals
جمع ال ُمذكر
Human sound masculine plurals either have the suffix ون- or ين-
( ين- is the ending that is most often used and heard)
In الفصحى, these plurals take a pair of endings that alternate according to grammatical
function.
These plurals are called “sound plurals”, because the singular stem remains intact.
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper viennestals2005. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €7,16. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 59063 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 15 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen