100% tevredenheidsgarantie Direct beschikbaar na je betaling Lees online óf als PDF Geen vaste maandelijkse kosten
logo-home
Eerder door jou gezocht
Eerder door jou gezocht
logo
Summary International Organization 1 & 2 - Week 2: Lectures and readings €3,49
In winkelwagen
Snel navigeren naar
Voorbeeld
  2.  
  3. Rijksuniversiteit Groningen (RuG)
  4.  
  5. International Organization

Samenvatting

Summary International Organization 1 & 2 - Week 2: Lectures and readings

1 beoordeling
 1 keer verkocht

This document contains a comprehensive summary of all readings and an overview of the most important lecture notes for lecture 4 for Week 2 of the first-year IRIO course International Organization 1 & 2 at the RUG. In case you are unable to view (parts of) the document properly, please contact me v...

[Meer zien]

Voorbeeld 3 van de 8  pagina's

Document informatie

  • 15 juni 2020
  • 8
  • 2018/2019
  • Samenvatting

Onderwerpen

  • irio
  • international or
  • rug
  • international organization
  • io
  • international organisation
  • international organization 1 2
  • international organisation 1 2
  • international organizations
  • international organisations

Geschreven voor

Alle documenten voor dit vak (9)

1  beoordeling

review-writer-avatar

Door: mitchellrappoldt • 3 jaar geleden

Verkoper

avatar-seller
Niels-99

Ontvangen beoordelingen

Voorbeeld van de inhoud

International Organization and International Relations Year 1 – Block 3 & 4

Week 2: International Organization 1-2

Lecture 3
No class and no readings

Lecture 4 – History and future of regional IOs: The example of Europe
Lecture (p. 2)
Readings (p. 3-8)
Gutner – Chapter 11 (p. 207-220 + EMU/Euro crisis + Perspectives on the EU)
Paterson – Reluctant hegemon? Germany moves centre stage in the European Union

,International Organization 1 & 2 International Organization and International Relations


Week 2 – Lecture 4: History and future of regional IOs: The example of Europe
Lecture
The formation period 1945-1961
Schuman Plan 1950 (ECSC)
• David Mitrany Towards a working Peace System: try to make practical arrangements:
EEC/Euratom 1957

Institutional Legacy of the Cold War
- NATO - US presence in Europe
- OSCE (Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe)
- Military basket
- Trade basket
- Human rights basket
- Arms Control Treaties

- Discourses silently steer our behaviour. They’re the rules of the game.

- We have changed the traditional power politics discourse to a discourse of integration. We have
stopped playing that game. This is historical change.
- Why has this happened? - We have institutionalised the discourse.

Images of Europe’s future
- Great power games (traditional analysis)
- Who are the main players?
- What are the main traditional conflicts?
- What is our answer? We need to become a federation
- Fortress Europe
- Multi-speed Europe / Enhanced Cooperation / Europe à la carte
- Olympic Rings/ Variable Geometry
- France/Germany
- Britain/Ireland
- Nordic countries
- Mediterranean countries
- Visegrád
- Cyprus
- Balkans
- Muddling through (Europe of ‘wadlopers’)
- Neo Middle Ages
- Hanseatic league (urban geopolitics)
- Urban life is unsustainable. It depends on networks
- Concentric circles - The European Security Order
- Inner core: EU/NATO
- Next layer: insiders with strong economies
- Next layer: insiders with weak economies
- Next layer: candidate member states and association treaties
- Last layer: outsiders

- Europe is designer and result of global processes
- “That’s the problem with dictators: they grow old and then you need a civil war to replace them
with the next one.”
- Mearsheimer Back to the Future: Without a common enemy there is no reason for integration and
cooperation and countries will fall back into the old patterns of power politics.


2

, International Organization 1 & 2 International Organization and International Relations


Readings
Gutner – Chapter 11 (p. 207-220 + EMU/Euro crisis + Perspectives on the EU)
There is a great range of ROs, by issue area, importance, capacity, structure, and effectiveness.
Scholars typically define ROs as “a group of countries located in the same geographically specified
area”. While this seems straightforward, there is debate about how to differentiate between regions
- 3 approaches: (1) materialist, classical theories of geopolitics (e.g. territory); (2) ideational, critical
theories of geography (regions as socially constructed); (3) behaviour theories (e.g. idea that political
practices shape regions). Scholars also refer to “subregional” Os, a way to further delineate
distinctions. Apart from region, we can also divide ROs by sector, e.g. security, economy, legal, etc.

The relationship between ROs and IOs - and their MS - is complex: some ROs complement existing
IOs, while others cause consternation because they may take power away from them. ROs face many
of the same challenges as the IOs. ROs may complement and cooperate with IOs, IOs may delegate
activities or issues to ROs - and many do interact closely with their regional counterparts. ROs also
give states options to go “forum shopping”: selecting the best venue to pursue their interests.

Overview of regional organizations
In the first decades after WWII, newly created ROs blossomed around the world. States creates ROs
for many of the same reasons they create IOs. Reasons also depend on whether it is a larger and
powerful, or a smaller and less powerful state. ROs may also disappear - some reasons are: a lack of
interest from their major powers; (2) perceived inefficiency; (3) issue behind the creation of the RO
has itself changed or disappeared. In this context, the NATO is of course a very interesting example.

Each region has some well-known ROs, although there is variation in how developed, formalized and
powerful they are. While Europe is home to the deepest and widest set of ROs, Asia (APEC, ASEAN)
knows much less formal ROs than Europe and North and South America. Latin America has a number
of ROs (Mercosur, NAFTA, CACM), but also a development bank and regional courts. Africa is home
to the AU, ECOWAS etc. In the Middle East, ROs include organizations like OPEC and the Arab League.

Debates about regionals
The literature on ROs is rich and deep. It includes work on integration, inter-regionalism, and the role
of ROs in individual sectors and issue areas. It evaluates performance of ROs, explains their rise and
decline, and looks at how they interact with one another, states and international organizations. On
the latter, various perspectives can be distinguished:
- It is argued that ROs are helpful to global ones, e.g. as a stepping stone between national and global
governance. In many ways, global organizations encourage the existence of ROs. For Thakur and Van
Langenhove, regionalism is “an integral part of multi-layered and multi-actor governance”.
- Some have argued that ROs can counter the problematic practices or limitations of IOs, e.g. NATO
can more quickly deploy forces than the UNSC and its troops are better equipped and trained.
- Others argue that ROs have many weaknesses: (1) biased to pursue regional interests; (2)
corruptness or lack of experience or capacity; (3) as bureaucratic as large IOs; (4) lack of legitimacy.
- Another overarching critique of ROs is that they may draw legitimacy away from global institutions,
e.g. the WTO. The rise of bilateral and regional free trade agreements erodes the role of the WTO.

The European Union
The EU is a “politico-economic union of 28 member states” that operates through seven
supranational institutions of decision-making, that have complex relationships with national
governments, but also with sub-national actors and international actors. The EU is not easy to grasp:
“It combines attributes of a state with those of an IO, yet it closely resembles neither”. There is
discussion on how exactly to define what it has become but also widespread acknowledgement of
the powerful role of it and its institutions are having in MS and global governance.



3

Dit zijn jouw voordelen als je samenvattingen koopt bij Stuvia:

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Studenten hebben al meer dan 850.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet jij zeker dat je de beste keuze maakt!

In een paar klikken geregeld

In een paar klikken geregeld

Geen gedoe — betaal gewoon eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of je Stuvia-tegoed en je bent klaar. Geen abonnement nodig.

Direct to-the-point

Direct to-the-point

Studenten maken samenvattingen voor studenten. Dat betekent: actuele inhoud waar jij écht wat aan hebt. Geen overbodige details!

Veelgestelde vragen

Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?

Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.

Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?

Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.

Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?

Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper Niels-99. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.

Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?

Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €3,49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.

Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?

4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 66184 samenvattingen verkocht

Opgericht in 2010, al 15 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen

Begin nu gratis
€3,49  1x  verkocht
  • (1)
In winkelwagen
Toegevoegd