100% tevredenheidsgarantie Direct beschikbaar na betaling Zowel online als in PDF Je zit nergens aan vast
logo-home
Summary Notes for Media Law and Ethics €8,39   In winkelwagen

Samenvatting

Summary Notes for Media Law and Ethics

 20 keer bekeken  0 keer verkocht

Notes from lectures and some of the readings for this course

Voorbeeld 3 van de 30  pagina's

  • 20 november 2020
  • 30
  • 2020/2021
  • Samenvatting
Alle documenten voor dit vak (2)
avatar-seller
mettychia
Notes for Media Law and Ethics
Readings + Lectures


Merril - Theoretical foundations for Media
Ethics
Ethical concern: starting point
 Sense of right conduct must be
o Developed
o Thought about
o Reasoned through
o Cared deeply about
o "nutured"
 Ethics is at a personal level

Theoretical basis for ethical codes - Ethical absolutism
 Rule based ethics
 Many of maxims found in codes of ethics seem to reflect a proclivity for this
formalistic absolutism

Two main ethical emphases:
 In both cases the media person is concerned with ethics and wants to do the right or
best thing
 They are not mutually exclusive
 Social or communitarian ethics
o The mass communicator can be concerned mainly with taking ethical cues
from society, colleagues and from the community
o Relies on group-driven ethics
o Stressed other-directed ethical action
o However is does not ignore individuality
 Personal or individual ethics
o They can emphasize personal ethical development and put community
priorities second
o Relies on personally determined ethics
o Stressed inner-directed ethical action
o However does not discourage cooperative or social concerns
Communitarians Libertarians
Groupists Individualists
Egalitarians Enlightenment liberals
altruists Existentialists
Traits Traits
Restrained freedom Maximum freedom
Civic transformation Self-transformation
Normative ethics codes Personal ethical codes
Selflessness Self-concern
Cooperation Self-enhancement
Social influence on policy Personal influence
Bonding/conformity Autonomy/diversity
Group-progress Competition/meritocracy

, "other-directed" "inter-directed" diverse worldviews
Like minded worldview Total spectrum news
Positive, cohesive news Social information
Social guidance Universal competition
Universal solidarity Disagreement on ethics
Agreement on common ethics Relative-situation ethics
Universal-legalistic ethics Anti-media professionalization
Media professionalism

Exemplars Exemplars
Confucius Aristotle
Plato Locke
Marx Jaspers
Jonas Jefferson
Christians Madison

According to Henry:
 Libertarian
o Holds fast to individualistic ethical development
o Improve society by stressing self-improvement and individual decision-
making
 Communitarian
o Seeks to enhance the community and take ethical nourishment from the
group
o Improve society by sublimating personal concerns to community wishes and
cooperatively making decisions that are designed to eliminate friction

The Importance of Freedom in Discussions of Ethics
 If there is no freedom, then the media person is acting in accordance with a
controlling agent and cannot really be making an individual ethical decision
 In western society (e.g. US), journalist and people generally put their trust in the
owners and managers of their media: this loyalty affects their concepts of ethics
o Many people feel western journalism is irresponsible, biased, greedy,
imperialistic, and harmful to nation-building
o Natural to view western media morality as intrinsically bad
 In non-western countries (e.g. Singapore, Saudi Arabia), loyalty is to a political or
religious authority: social order is often more important than individual pluralism or private
media system

Two main paradigms
 Western freedom-centered one that has grown out of the European Enlightenment
o Designed for maximum freedom and consequently permits excess in
journalistic activity
 The non-western authority-centered one that prevails in most of the world
o Designed to bring about an increasing degree of social order

 In social-order (authoritarian) countries, the media system is not much concerned
with ethics, but with guiding principles and controls places on the press by the political
authority

,  Journalists have guidelines and rules; what is the proper thing to do is determined
for them a priori, so there is no real need for any serious consideration of ethical behaviour
 Countries with less press freedom = decreasingly concerned with ethics

Three classes of ethical theories
Two main/mega-theories of ethics:
 Deontological: those that base ethical actions on a priori principle or maxims that
are accepted as guides for such actions
 Teleological: those that base ethical actions on a consideration or their
consequences


Three main types of ethical theory:
 Absolutist/legalistic theories - Aristotelianism, Confucianism, Kantianism
o Deontological
 Consequence theories - utilitarianism, altruism, egoism, the social contract theory
o Teleological
 Personalist theories: which are predominantly subjective and individualistic -
including the instinctual, emotive, antinomian, and existential

Deontological Ethic Theory
 Has to do with duty: following formalistic rules, principles or maxims
 If you follow the rules (e.g. giving sources), you are ethical; if you don't you are
unethical
 Leading deontologist in ethics was Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), a German
philosopher
o Believed that only an action taken out of self-imposed duty could be ethical
o Formulated categorical imperative - what was ethical for a person to do was
what that person would will that everyone should do






Teleological Ethical Theory (aka consequence-related mega-theory)
 Says that the person trying to decide what to do attempts to predict what the
consequences will be if A is done instead of B
 The object is to choose the action that will bring the most good to the party the
actor deems most important

Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:

Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews

Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews

Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!

Snel en makkelijk kopen

Snel en makkelijk kopen

Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.

Focus op de essentie

Focus op de essentie

Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!

Veelgestelde vragen

Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?

Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.

Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?

Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.

Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?

Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper mettychia. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.

Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?

Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €8,39. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.

Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?

4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 67866 samenvattingen verkocht

Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen

Start met verkopen
€8,39
  • (0)
  Kopen