Samenvatting
Samenvatting Introduction to Animal Sciences (YAS-10306)
Samenvatting van alle colleges
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 4 van de 50 pagina's
Voorbeeld 4 van de 50 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
1 beoordeling
Door: nikascholte • 2 jaar geleden
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
lOMoARcPSD|2392027Lecture – Why we keep animals
Artificial selection -> Selective breeding for production -> Choosing which males and females will
reproduce based on features of interest
Ager cultura = Field growing
Reasons for keeping animals:
o Medicine
o Food (meat, milk, blood)
o Crops/Energy (ploughing, transport, fertilizer, biofuel)
o Clothes & Housing (hide, wool & fur)
o Social status
o Money (insurance)
o Culture (sport) -> also not linked to farming?
Additional reasons (not linked to farming):
o Help and support (guide dog)
o Companionship
o Entertainment (circus)
o Conservation (zoo)
o Sport & Hobby
Slaughter:
1. Stunning -> to render unconscious before slaughter
Methods: electrical, gaseous & mechanical
2. Bleeding
Slaughter in Fish:
- Most fish die from:
Suffocation (+ ice)
Suffocation + evisceration (=removal of
internal organs)
- Humane methods:
Percussive stunning
Spiking (of the brain)
Gedownload door Michou Weimar (michoumelody@live.nl)
, lOMoARcPSD|2392027
Milk
o Purpose of keeping animals for milk occurred later than for meat -> tame animals needed
o 83% worldwide produced by cows (2nd buffalo)
Eggs
o NL -> 188 / person/ year
48 mil. laying hens
18 bil. eggs / year (2/3 exported)
o Battery cages banned since 2012
o Beak trimming banned since 2018
Manure
o Fuel -> biogas of cakes
o Fertilize soil for crop production
o Building material (houses)
Other reasons to farm animals:
o Banking and status
o Coffee
o Decoy
o Medicine (swiftlet nests and leeches)
o Hobby
o Care farms
o Sport & culture
o Conservation grazing
Meat consumption:
Gedownload door Michou Weimar (michoumelody@live.nl)
, lOMoARcPSD|2392027
Lecture note - Reasons for keeping and raising animals
Domestication of animal species
Dog -> first domesticated species
Cattle were domesticated for producing meat
later on for milk
Animal species must meet 6 criteria in order to be
domesticated:
1. Flexible diet -> food sources that cannot be consumed
by humans
2. Reproduction & useable age is rapidly reached
(relative to human lifetime)
3. Reproduction possible in captivity
4. A docile (=non aggressive) character
5. Do not panic easily (e.g. deer display much flight
behavior & can run themselves to death)
6. Acceptance of humans as potential leaders/
dominant individuals
Chicken meat:
o Parental stock farm
- Farm with laying hens
- Eggs are sent to hatchery
o Hatchery
- Eggs controlled after 14 days -> infertile & broken eggs are discarded
- Eggs hatch after 20-21 days -> day-old chickens are vaccinated & transported to broiler
farm
o Broiler farm
- Day-old chickens grow to 2kg in 5-6 weeks (54 grams/day!)
- After reaching 2 kg -> chickens are transported to slaughter house
- 8 rounds/year
Gedownload door Michou Weimar (michoumelody@live.nl)
, lOMoARcPSD|2392027
75% of chicken meat produced in NL -> exported to Germany (Ruhr area) & Northern France
(Paris)
Pig meat:
o Pork -> produced by crossing 4 pure meat breeds
Great Yorkshire (GY) -> used for boar ♂ line for production of breeding sows
o In NL:
Sow farm
- Sow gives birth to 29,8 piglets/year
- 11,5% dies during sowing -> 26,4 piglets/year left
- Within 77 days -> piglet goes from 1,5kg to 25kg -> then brought to fattening farm
Grower-finisher farm (fattening)
- Fattened until slaughter weight = 118kg
- Growth of 780g/day (196 days)
Hypor => a new breeding sow with a part Meishan in it, produces 1 extra piglet/litter
Western Pig Meishan pig (Chinese pot-bellied pig)
- Sexually mature after 180 days + Sexually mature after 90 days
- Less fertile -> 13 pigs/litter + Very fertile -> 15-17 pigs/litter
+ Grow fast - Grow very slowly
+ Less fat meat - Very fat meat
Beef:
Maas-Rijn and Ijssel cattle (MRIJ)
- Dual purpose breed => kept for both meat and milk
- Nowadays mainly selected for milk production
- After 1980 -> bred out due to crossing with red HF (Holstein)
- Rare breed nowadays
Aberdeen Angus
- Kept for meat (British breed)
- Small & precocious breed1
Belgian Blue
- Double muscled meat breed
- Large breed with late maturity
- Used for crossing with milk breeds -> calf can be sold at higher price, risk: caesarean
section needed (Charolais)
SPECIES % OF WORLD PRODUCTION
CATTLE 83
BUFFALO 14
GOAT 2
SHEEP 1
CAMEL 0,4
Milk:
1
Precocious = vroegrijp
Gedownload door Michou Weimar (michoumelody@live.nl)
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper michouweimar. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €3,49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 50064 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen