Dit uitgebreide document bevat alle dia's en extra informatie die tijdens de colleges is gegeven. Het gaat dus om alle aantekeningen van de colleges.
Lecture 1: Introduction, Goals of Physical Education
Lecture 2: Development of sport specific skills in
typically developing children and child...
Colleges Sports education and
participation
Lecture 1 – Introduction, goals of PE
Monday 9-11-2020
Today’s content
› Overview of course
› Goals of today’s lecture:
Activate prior knowledge in PE
In the light of ‘dealing with differences’
Learn which goals are addressed by physical education (PE) + implications for
teachers
Everyone differs in their abilities. In PE children are often seen as if they’re all the same. The
teachers should create activities that are able for all children. Many of us are the monkey
(good athletes). In this course we are also invited to take a look at the other perspectives.
Goals of course
› Acquire basic knowledge concerning sports education and participation in the light of
‘dealing with differences’, and
› Reflect on current sports education and participation practices in society
› ‘Course overview’ doc on Nestor
This course in a nutshell
Has different targets. Most important: physical development. Makes sense. Other goals are
just as important. PE also targets cognitive development, social development and personal
development. Personal is about effective development (psychological wellbeing for example).
In this course mostly focused on motor development. This is a part of physical development.
Questions like what is motor development, where do differences come from are answered
during this course. Role of the teacher is also important. All kinds of development mentioned
before, depend on the teacher.
Background
› Lecturers
Pedagogical & educational sciences (faculty of behavioural and social sciences)
Human movement sciences (faculty of medical sciences)
› Students
1
, Different backgrounds
Grading
› Group assignment: paper & presentation (40%)
› Exam: digital exam (60%)
› For all assignments, the grades need to be sufficient
Group assignment
› Groups for students, assigned by lecturer
› Develop sports instruction for specific case
Powerpoint-presentation – paper
Applying concepts from this course
Incl. Scientific background
› Goal: by working on these materials yourselves and seeing your classmates’
presentation, this material will become much more tangible then only through reading
the literature or listening to lectures.
See document on Nestor for more information.
Group assignment II
› Deadline PPT & paper (Nestor): 10 dec. 2020
› Presentation (1 or 2 members): 14 dec. 2020
› Details will follow -> (concept) criteria/information Nestor
› In lecture 4: more information
› One grade
Digital exam: 18 jan 2021
› Essay-questions
› Last lecture: some exemplary questions, tips
› Study literature (not just slides)!
Literature
› On Nestor (per lecture)
› Literature list not complete yet. The complete list will be on Nestor soon
Let’s start:
› Contrast PE versus your own current sports
Talk about and write down:
1. What you learn(ed)/gain(ed)/develop(ed)?
2. Role of teacher/coach & classmates/team,
3. Attending to top athletes & Special Needs
2
,Educational science
› Applied science; using research to help solve problems in practice and to improve
practice
By conducting academic research contributing to better education
Positively affecting cognitive & affective development of students
Young science; most research in this domain started in the 1960s
Physical education
› During childhood and youth:
Physical education (PE) opportunity to learn skills to enhance lifelong fitness and
good health.
For example: running, swimming, climbing, more structured games and sports.
-> Early mastery of the basic skills is important!
-> Helps young people to perform and understand value of activities.
Physical education
› PE = taught to all students
Compulsory in primary and secondary education (recommended: 2x per week +/-
45 min.)
› In Europe, initiatives to improve PE:
High quality PE
Encourage and challenge students to get involved in activities
Aimed at lifelong physical activity
Struggle: more physical activity during schoolday. Afraid it will be at the expense of
academic performance. Difficult for schools to get more physical activity. Researches came
up with physical active lessons.
Why should PE be part of education?
› Physical and mental health problems caused by declining physical activity – increase
in sedentary lifestyles and obesity
-> physically active lifestyle.
› Education of the “whole child”
Learning to move: developing sports skills
Moving to learn: sports to inform and develop the mind
-> physical – personal – social – cognitive
Important role of the teacher
› Promote learning outcomes related to a physically active lifestyle
› Design lessons to reach those outcomes
› Assesses whether outcomes have been achieved.
› Factors that play a role to lead a physically active lifestyle:
• Competence at performing (physical – cognitive)
• Confidence in using motor skills (personal – social)
Goals of PE: 1) Physical development
Expanding physical activities. In order to achieve better skills. 3 categories.
› Learning to regulate movement/improve skills
Better motor skills, endurance, coordination.
3
, › Promote health & healthy lifestyle
Experiment with activities
› With respect to fitness…
Outcome of PE or outcome of healthy lifestyle? PE should lead to that healthy
lifestyle.
Goals of PE: 2) cognitive
› Knowledge about sports (needed for active lifestyle)
Learning a motor skill requires active cognition
Learning about health benefits
-> Not mentioned in Eurydice report, only in Rink & Hall
› Relation physical activity – cognition (in Bailey):
PE can enhance academic achievement (more PE won’t delay academic
achievement, but can enhance it)
Concentration, academic achievement,.. Seems to be relationship between it.
When you’re feeling physical well, you’ll achieve better academically.
-> Lecture Esther Hartman
Goals of PE: 3) personal development
› In addition to competence: confidence
Develop physical awareness, general feeling of bodily well-being
Develop belief in own physical abilities, self-esteem, will power, sense of
responsibility
Learn to accept themselves/their abilities and tolerate differences in others
› N.B. opportunity does not always translate into practice (effective instruction and
teacher is important). Prevent negative emotions.
Goals of PE: 4) social development
› Team work & spirit, social interaction, fair play (soft skills: good communication and
constructive cooperation). Cultural component of society, public interest.
N.B. Opportunity does not always translate into practice (effective instruction
and teacher is important).
Implications for teachers 1
Difficult to keep PE great for every student:
› Meanings and experiences that are enjoyable in a physical activity for one student may
be enjoyable at all for another
› Teacher needs to serve a diverse student population
› It is a challenge for teachers
Implications for teachers 2
› Knowledge on development of motor skills for ALL children
Ensure competence + confidence for all children
Remember cartoon! There should be activities that are challenging, yet doable for
all children
› Target positive behaviours (personal, social) directly
› Positive class atmosphere ->
Focus on individual development rather than comparison with peers.
Implications for teachers 3
4
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