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Summary History of European architecture and Urbanism

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The summary starts with the discussion of all buildings in the lectures for the midterm and final part of the course with the main characteristics of the major projects. The buildings indicated in blue are the ones that are in the study guide for learning and are more extensive explained. Then the ...

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  • 25 januari 2021
  • 43
  • 2020/2021
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History of European Architecture and
Urbanism




Summary

19-1-2020

1

,Table of Contents
Lecture 1B - Middle Ages......................................................................................................................... 3
Lecture 2a - Early (French) gothic............................................................................................................ 4
Lecture 2b -Late (French) gothic ............................................................................................................. 4
Lecture 3a – Early Renaissance ............................................................................................................... 5
Lecture 3b – Early Renaissance ............................................................................................................... 6
Lecture 4a – High Renaissance ................................................................................................................ 7
Lecture 4b – High Renaissance and Mannerism ..................................................................................... 7
Lecture 5a – Baroque (Italian) ................................................................................................................. 8
Lecture 5b – Baroque (Italian) ................................................................................................................. 9
Lecture 6a – Baroque beyond Rome and the Dutch Golden Age ......................................................... 10
Lecture 6b – Baroque beyond Rome and the Dutch Golden Age ......................................................... 11
Lecture 7a – Enlightment ...................................................................................................................... 12
Lecture 7b – Enlightment ...................................................................................................................... 12
Lecture 8a – Architecture Parlante and Romanticism .......................................................................... 14
Lecture 8b – Architecture Parlante and Romanticism .......................................................................... 14
Lecture 9a – Industrial era..................................................................................................................... 16
Lecture 9b – Industrial era .................................................................................................................... 16
Lecture 10a – Belle opoque ................................................................................................................... 18
Lecture 10b – Belle opoque................................................................................................................... 19
Lecture 11a – European Avant-Gardes ................................................................................................. 20
Lecture 12a – Interwar-Modern Pioneers ............................................................................................. 22
Lecture 12b – Modern Pioneers ............................................................................................................ 23
Lecture 13a – Critical Expansions .......................................................................................................... 24
Lecture 13b – Critical Expansions .......................................................................................................... 25
Lecture 14a – Post modernism.............................................................................................................. 26
Lecture 14b – Post modernism ............................................................................................................. 27
Lecture 15a Beyond postmodernism .................................................................................................... 28
Lecture 15b Beyond postmodernism .................................................................................................... 29
Lecture 16a Super modernism/Contemporary moment ...................................................................... 31
Preparation final exam - terms.............................................................................................................. 33
Timeline: ................................................................................................................................................ 39




2

,Discussion of buildings midterm
Lecture 1B - Middle Ages
Medieval

Charlemagne’s palace complex

Odo of Metz (Aachen, Germany, 792-805)

Centralized baptisteries, inspired by Rome. Grid system. Inspired by other projects but lack of
construction. Reversed engineering. Duplicate what they found.

The Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel is part of this complex.
Almost the same as basilica of s. vitale. Ravenna Italy (538-548) Most elements are copied. But
some of the elements have developed. Not only in the plans of the buildings but also in the interieur.

Charlemagne’s Palatine Chapel, Ode of Metz, Aachen Germany 792-805

Interior spaces complimented by mosaic. Replicated in Aachen.

Same organization Same coherence in design Same material use.

But allyboration in Aachen but they didn’t have the same capabilities. On the outside they don’t
reveal the beauty from the inside.

Kloster Lorsch Gatehouse, Lorsch, Germany 767-774

Different from other because of the steep roof.

Arch of Constatine Rome Italy 312-315

Celebrate the victory of an army over another army

Saint Gall Stiftsbibliotheek Sankt Gallen Switzerland 817

Plan of Saint Gal, Unknown, Unbuilt c.817

Medieval walled city Krakow Poland 1493

Brugge Belgium c1600

The sambles York Englend c1100

Aachen Germany c1547

Romantique

Abbey of saint martin du canigou France 1001-10026

Thick walls, small openings, semi circular arches,

Church of san miniato al monte Florence Italy 1062-1090

Sant-etienne cathedral bourges France 1195-1260

Church of the monatrary cluny 4th Cluny France 1088


3

, Lecture 2a - Early (French) gothic
Saint sernin basilica Toulouse France 1080-11180

Trying to make the wall less prominent

Royal Abbey of Saint-Denis, Pierre de Montreuil, Saint-Denis France 1135-1264

Pointed arches, missing tower on left side (not symmetrical)

Notre-Dam Cathedral, Chartres France 1194-1230,

Revival of romanisque, step back: more massive

Notre-Dam Cathedral, Reims France 1211-1260

Enormous roset. Logical place. A lot of light. Strong vertical elements. Opposite from amiens
cathedral

Saint-Etienne Cathedral, Bourges France 1195-1260

Highes arcades but smaller structure, better use of forces

Saint-etienne cathedral guillaume de Sens Sensm France 1135-1164

Notre-dame Cathedral noyon France 1150-1205

Thin columns will be important element of cathedral. Optical illusions

Notre-dame Cathedral, Laon France 1160-1225

Combination of early gothic experience. Purest example of early gothic

Lecture 2b -Late (French) gothic
Notre-dame cathedral, Jean de Chelles and Pierre de Montreuil, Paris France 1163-1250

Light and thin walls

Notre dam cathedral Renaud de cornet, Thomas de cornmont and Robert de lazurches, Amiens
France 1120-1269

Strong horizontal element within panels also enhanced horizontal elements. Lost roset window
because of the lots of details on the façade

La sainte-Chappele Paris France 1243-1248

Opposite




4

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