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  7. Principles And Theory In Geography (ENVS249)

Essay

Marxist Geography and the Capitalist System

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  • Vak
  • Principles And Theory In Geography (ENVS249)
  • Instelling
  • The University Of Liverpool (UoL)
  • Boek
  • Human geography

This essay covers the topic, "To What Degree are Marxist Approaches to Geography Relevant to Contemporary Research in the Discipline? Discuss Using Examples" Second year Principles and Theory in Human Geography module for BA Geography. I was restricted to 2,000 words. Double spaced and bibliograph...

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Document informatie

  • 29 januari 2021
  • 11
  • 2020/2021
  • Essay
  • Onbekend
  • A

Onderwerpen

  • marxist geography
  • marxism
  • capitalism
  • failures of capitalism
  • political system
  • consumerism
  • late capitalism
  • david harvey
  • principles and theory
  • human geography

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  • The University of Liverpool (UoL)
  • The University of Liverpool
  • Principles And Theory In Geography (ENVS249)
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Voorbeeld van de inhoud

3. To What Degree are Marxist Approaches to Geography Relevant to
Contemporary Research in the Discipline? Discuss Using Examples.



Introduction

Marxist approaches to geography are today more relevant than ever to research carried

out in the discipline. This is due to it being analytical in nature, allowing a deeper level of

research. Marxist geographers are particularly interested in how places develop in

relation to their significance to commodities or capital. In addition, they show an ethical

imperative and importantly focus on how class plays a role in how materials are

produced, distributed and who the prime beneficiaries are in society. Furthermore, they

believe that every key social aspect in society is interlinked and affects how the system

will overall develop. This analytical way of thinking is called Sociological Imagination

and was coined by Wright Mills in 1959 (Mills, 2000). The growing complexity of the

world, caused by globalisation and capitalism, makes this analytical framework of

geography a useful way to interpret how and why our society is developing in the way it

is. To understand the significance of Marxist geography today, it has to be used as a

framework to study the different layers and structure of the circulation of capital within a

capitalist system (Cox, 2005). The following subheadings further develop upon these

points.

, Materials

Marxist geographers understand that every material or commodity that is produced and

sold is measured based on its use and exchange value in society. In today's capitalist

world products are rarely solely produced for their use value but instead are mass

produced in factories by people working for a wage. As a result, producers make the

exchange value of their products a priority when selling to the consumer. This view

makes it that as long as a product can be produced cheaply, and is in high demand, it is

profitable for the company to continue doing so (Corbridge, 1986).



As a result of the use value of materials decreasing in importance compared to their

exchange value, a phenomenon known as Commodity Fetishism has begun to take

place (Billig, 1999). This means that people are no longer connected in relation to the

materials being produced, bought, sold and transported. Instead, company brands and

the product in itself is the only connection. Globalisation has led to consumers having

even less connections to the producers. This has allowed for ethical barriers to be

created, alienating the consumer from the harsh reality that workers in low income

countries can be exploited to maximise profits (Powell, 1999). It can be said that in

today's society the only connection that exists between the consumer and producer is

that the tasks are carried out using capital in the form of money. Nevertheless, many

companies have realised this problem, and have begun the process of de-fetishising

their products, by elevating the producers’ importance in their brands (Wyatt, 2011).

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