Samenvatting
SUMMARY IDENTITY CITY
- Vak
- Identity City
- Instelling
- Universiteit Van Amsterdam (UvA)
Summary of the full course which is useful for the take home exam
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WEEK 1 LATIN AMERICAN CITY HISTORY The colonial Spanish America
Kinsbruner, J. (2005) The Colonial Spanish-American City: Urban Life in the Age of Atlantic Capitalism. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Chapters 1, 2, 3 and 5 (47 pp)
WEEK 2 LATIN AMERICAN CITIES
Contemporary cities and urban patterns
The spectacular city: intro and chapter 1: Ethnography, Governmentality, and Urban Life
Kent, R. (2006) Chapter 14 ‘Contemporary Cities and Urban Patterns’, Latin America: Regions and People, pp. 246-270. New York: The Guilford
Press (25 pp)
Goldstein, D. (2004) The Spectacular City: Violence and Performance in Urban Bolivia. Durham and London: Duke University Press (275 pp)
WEEK 3 THE DUAL CITY
The spectacular city: chapter 2 Urbanism, Modernity, and Migration in Cochabamba
Displacements and New Spaces for Informal Trade in the Latin American City
Fortified enclaves
Bromley, R., & P. Mackie (2009) ‘Displacement and New Spaces for Informal Trade in the Latin American City’, Urban Studies 46(7): 1485-1506
(22 pp).
Caldeira, T. (1999) ‘Fortified Enclaves: the New Urban Segregation’, in J. Holston (ed.) Cities and Citizenship, 114-138. Durham and London:
Duke University Press (24 pp)
WEEK 4 COMMUNITY AND BARRIO
Globalization in residential architecture Cuenca
The spectacular city: chapter 3 Villa Sebastián Pagador and the Politics of Community
Klaufus, C. (2006) ‘Globalization in residential architecture in Cuenca, Ecuador: social and cultural diversification of architects and their clients’,
Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 24(1): 69-89 (23 pp).
WEEK 5 PERFORMANCE AND PUBLIC SPACE
The spectacular city: chapter 4 Performing National Culture in the Fiesta de San Miguel
WEEK 6 URBAN VIOLENCE AND CITIZENSHIP
The terror and scourge of the barrio Nicaragua
The spectacular city: chapter 5 Spectacular Violence and Citizen Security
Weegels, J. (2018) ‘“The Terror and Scourge of the Barrio”: Representations of Youth crime and Policing on Nicaraguan Television News’,
Journal of Latin American Studies 50(4): 861-887 (27 pp).
WEEK 7 THE RENEWING CITY
Urban Governance, how Bogota lose its shine
Planing a sustainable city: Curitiba brazil
The spectacular city: Conclusion
Gilbert, A. (2015) ‘Urban governance in the South: How did Bogotá lose its shine?’, Urban Studies 52(4): 665-684 (20 pp).
Macedo, J. (2013) ‘Planning a sustainable city: The making of Curitiba, Brazil’, Journal of Planning History 12(4): 334-353 (20 pp).
, WEEK 1 LATIN AMERICA CITY HISTORIES
THE COLONIAL SPANISH AMERICA
CH:1THE COLONIAL SPANISH CITY BY DEFINITION AND ORIGIN
-What is urban and rural starts from colonialism. Size and administration not a essence for urbanity.
-2500 people between urban and rural, later this minimum raised. Urban center shares similarities, but
they aren’t equal. All people reside, but don’t produce their own food
-People specialize in their own activity. Its like a marketplace.
-Urban is modern, rural traditional. In the urban area middle class arose. Urban not centered to agricultural
seasons. How many people to call it urban? Not sure
-Rural area or village essential for agricultural habitat. However, in spain urban didn’t mature in spain as
early as norther Europe because trade and industry was less developed and same happened in Spanish
America because of what could be urban was still agricultural. Basically what distinghes from urban and
rural is agricultural aspects
-Ciudad emerge from civitas. Requisite to have residential structures for a lot of people and close to
markets. Cities and towns are almost the same thing. The larger the town, more trades and manufacture
-Municipal organization: Town: 500 to 2000. Villa: 2000 to 4000. Municipality: largest city of the real and
Municipal: all urban settlements
-In new Mexico ciudad villa or pueblo in descending order of status. Pueblos used more for Indians towns.
Villa could mean wealth size and population like villa potosi
-In spain urban places with different social and economic status. Nurtured by nature
-Castile was premier producer of merino sheep and exporter of whool to Europe. Main market, flanders
-Urbanization occurred in spain right before the genozide of the new world. Town planning was a thong in
rest of Europe, but spain. Spain had different plans like reconquest, military
-there was Institutional demand in city planning. There were good for conquest and colonization.
Adelantado institution. All in all, they went to Americas with no plans for settling towns and cities , they
lacked on it
Santo Domingo and new world urbanization
-The first attempt to town building was la Española island. Colon founded Isabella but failed. The frist true
Spanish city was in santo Domingo. This one had to be removed because of hurricanes, poor conditions
-Clearly after 10 years of discovery of new world, they had no plans of physical organization of urban
settlements
The Urban Protocol
-Vageness imparted by Obando.
- Dramatic change in the crowns policy toward urban planning in America: observed places with good
quality if land, water. Also instructed to subdivide to twons into lots for house building. It was first
employed in panama city
-Many towns were founded by clergy
CH:2THE PRECOLUMBIAN CITY
-There some cities in the Americas already before the Spanish, but not in the caribean
-All the great cities of pre Columbia America had origins from agriculture or ceremonial centers. Located
near potable water. Non political or commercial eminence
Teotihuacan
-First great urban center in Americas. Around 200000 people. Had two great pyramids
-Hierarchical street network . Great urban habitat
Tenochtitlan
-Another great city. Aztec capital center of the mezoamerican empire, maintained by harsh military
, -Sophistacated to provide goods, food. One of the largest in the world. As large as sevilla
-Had primary and secondary streets. Had plazas
-There existed indean slaves. Traders of cotton, gold…vegatles, animals
-Conquisteros overwhelmed.
-Aztec society well regulated and arrenged
-Aztec was authoritarian . To be one of the greatest urban habitat at the time
-All of this ended in the hand of the Spaniards
The Incas
-Other great urbanized. Civilization in south America. Cities not fully planned. The most famous Cusco
-Introduced central plaza surrounded by city most important houses with patios
-Main cuzco plaza surrounded by palaces of the incas, religious edifices
-Cusco population between 20-100 thousand ppl
The Non-Urban Maya City
-Astronomy, unique calendars, maths were a thing, tho thwir urbanaims weren’t urban
-They had lots of ceremonial centers . Population density low.
-Spaniards coloniozed the mainland with institution of town
CH:3THE COLONIAL CITY ORDAINED AND STRUCTURED
-First, refers to royal decrees during first decades of 16 th century
-Second ordination of hierarchical sociecononomic structure
-Madrid itself didn’t have a governamentla plaza
The urban template
-Ordinances for discovery, new settlement was a summary of previous royal instructions fro urban planning
-Ordenanza conveys: guarantee a sufficient labour force and christianize the native population. Directed to
select sits for towns
-Plazas should be rectangle to celebrate with horses. If in the coats, near the port and if inland center of
town
-Administrative hierarchy set out with the catholic church
-Spnish American plaza with religus and secular administratives was on basis of the roman empire
-Crown concerned about urban population
-Francisco pizarro, lima, divided city into solares and assigned each conquistador un solar closest to main
plaza. System based on equal opportunity rather than socio ranking
-Caracas block subdivisión provided blocks for privates into 4 equal lots, later on subdivided and many
people with less influence lived close the city
A cordel and regla
-Towns of Spanish empire were to be laid by cord and rule. However, most held geometrically
-First urban area was Mexico City
-Portales still exist in many Spanish American plazes to protect merchants from sun, wind, etc
-Towns that were seasided needed to be wall against pirates like la Havana, Cartagena, buenos aires. Main
plazas of inland towns in the center.
-Whenever difficult land put it where feasible like quito
-Some towns began as defensive positions called presidios like southern chile. Late colonial urbanism cum
machine
-Crown order to gather indeans for labour and could collect taxes and impose christianity. Indians towns
known as congregaciones. Church supported the effort. Franscianos y dominicanos. Jesuitas town builders
too
Population growth of colonial cities
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