Unit 12 - Supporting Individuals with Additional Needs
Instelling
PEARSON (PEARSON)
P2 defines disability and expands in-depth the current effects that physical and mental impairments can have on people. It also uses theories and models to underpin this definition and expands on how the media can portray disabilities and therefore creating stigma. P3 explains how to minimise barri...
Unit 12 - Supporting Individuals with Additional Needs
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Voorbeeld van de inhoud
P2 P3 M2
Unit 12
P2
Disability is defined as a physical or mental impairment that effects their ability to carry out
normal day-to-day activities. There are two models of disability; the medical model and the
social model. The medical model states that medicine is to diagnose problems such as
disabilities or other physical health issues whereas the social model states that to improve an
individual’s health, changes to their environment will be beneficial, factors including damp
and over crowding can all be indicators of poor health.
Disability can be said to be socially constructed, Barnes stated that a disability is a social
construction meaning that society had categories to define certain disabilities, these are BAD
(wicked), MAD (Monsters/weird) or SAD (Pitied/victims). The media can portray people
with disabilities like these three categories such as well-known celebrities such as Mr Bean
who wold be classed as MAD as he has a speech impairment and learning difficulties making
him unaware of what he is doing. There is also Captain Jack sparrow who would be classed
as BAD because he was aggressive to others but was disabled due to his absent hand. And
Lennie from OMAM would be SAD because he killed a woman and a pup as he has learning
disabilities and didn’t know his own strengths so the was pitied by the audience.
When looking at disability in health and social care they can be defined in four ways. There is
Disability, Disablement means a physical or mental impairment that effect someone through
their whole life and can affect them daily. An example of an individual having a disablement
is a learning difficulty when they find it difficult to read words, speak or spell. Another
definition is discrimination which is a prejudice treatment to people who are different than
them, people can discriminate on; race, religion, age or sexual orientation. An impairment is
defined as someone who is in a state of being damaged which will prevent them from doing
certain things such as being blind as this will affect their wellbeing.
P3
Society can implement lots of facilities to help people with additional needs. Access and
barriers such as public buildings, public transport. For example, a user is able to access a ring
and ride which is a service that takes people who are disabled or unable to walk efficiently to
their destination as a support worker could help them use this facility by booking them the
ride. A barrier in a public place would be that there are no lifts and so wheelchair users or
other mobility efficiency users cannot use the stairs and so would not be able to get up to the
second floor causing confusion and anger in the individual. To overcome this barrier then
they could place escalators or lifts to avoid obstacles.
Minimising barriers for service users can consist of placing things in a public place that will
help an individual with certain disabilities to still access. They can add ramps inform of
entrances and exits so individuals can access easily in the building. For wheelchair assessors
they could ensure wider doors are in place to help minimise barriers for them as they can
easily access rooms or corridor that they would like instead of having to go all the way
around which will make their life easier and time efficient. People with visual impairments
could receive braille paper if they ever need any hand-outs. This will save time as they won’t
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, P2 P3 M2
need to constantly repeat anything making both provider and user irritated, there for the user
has it in print and can refer to it at any time helping to minimise their barriers.
In a workplace, they can put in place adaptations to the work environment to help minimise a
user’s barriers such as if they work in a call centre job and an individual has a hearing
impairment they can offer aids to make the noise louder and perhaps a louder headset so that
anyone can qualify for the job no matter their impairment or disability. They can also be
flexible with hours such as allowing an individual time off for their appointments if they
suffer from a disability. This will ensure that no body is discriminated from becoming
employed.
Inclusion such as leisure activates as an individual with a disability could be advised to attend
social clubs because they may become isolated and distance themselves from people. This
will help people with impairments such as hearing because they will be associating with
people with the same issue and can understand and bond over each other’s needs. These
social places can also provide Makaton sheets so users can still learn and understand things
that are happening around them. They can also have voice activated software on social
networking so people with visual impairments can still use modern technology without
feeling discriminated because they cannot see.
Daily living can be assisted by having shopping motor cars for individuals who have a
decreased mobility as they can still go out shopping independently and it can be a nice way
for them to get out of the house and perhaps socialise with people. They can also adapt their
house to have items such as stair lifts and rails so an individual can live comfortably in their
house and still can access all rooms upstairs or down. They can also change the bathroom to
become more accessible as they can add a bath door to access shower easier and can also
make it with a seat so individuals with MS who cannot stand for a long time can sit down and
have shower making life easier.
Health and social care workers will need to help with personal challenges such as; physical,
intellectual, emotional and social. To support an individual’s physical, need a care assistant
can help them. A care assistant’s role is to know the client in a professional manner knowing
all their needs at the efficient time in which they will be given. The needs can include things
like washing them by helping them use the toilet and dressing, food preparation like feeding a
giving the correct medication and to also carry out general tasks like cleaning and shopping.
This will help an individual as they are unable to do it themselves due to their impairments
and disabilities.
To support an individual’s intellectual need then an individual should be provided with
Makaton sheets and computer classes especially for the older generation so they are not at a
social disadvantage. A speech therapist or a teacher will assist in helping an individual with
this as they are a trained professional and can help them improve their skills so they are not
discrimination or at a disadvantage.
To support an individual’s emotional need then a GP can provide them with counselling. A
GPs role is to provide information with their best knowledge and so if an individual is going
through some mental health issues such as depression they may go to the GP who will refer
them to counselling which will improve an individual’s self-concept.
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