Johns Hopkins University

Name the 6 classes of non-insulin diabetes medications. -Correct Answer 1) biguanides (metformin) 2) sulfonylureas (the gl- -ides) 3) thiazolidinediones (TZDs; the -glitazones) 4) GLP-1 receptor agonists (exenatide, liraglutide) 5) DPP-4 inhibitors (the -gliptins) 6) SGLT-2 inhibitors (the -gliflozins) What are the 3 major A1C ADA standards of care goals? Which patients are appropriate for each A1C goal? -Correct Answer <7%, <6.5%, and <8% 1) A1C <7% for many non pregna...

The nurse is performing an eye examination on a 76-yr-old patient. Which finding indicates that the nurse should refer the patient for a more extensive assessment? a. The patient's sclerae are light yellow. b. The patient reports persistent photophobia. c. The pupil recovers slowly after responding to a bright light. d. There is a whitish gray ring encircling the periphery of the iris. -Correct Answer B Photophobia is not a normally occurring change with aging and would require further a...

CA Definition of a Nurse Practitioner -Answer- -RN who possesses additional preparation -Skills in physical diagnosis -Management of health-illness needs in primary care Primary Care -Answer- contact with a health care provider who assumes responsibility & accountability for the continuity of health care CA Legal Authority for NP Practice -Answer- Practice beyond the usual RN scope must rely on standardized procedures for authorization to perform overlapping MEDICAL functions (CCR Secti...

state the mechanism of action, predictable effect, and common side effects of classes of commonly used drugs for heart failure -Correct Answer ACE, ARBs, Aldosterone antagonists (Lisinopril and Valsartan): - Prevent conversion of angiotensin I to II - Block aldosterone from reabsorbing Na+ and water into the bloodstream - Overall decrease blood pressure and fluid volume Hydralazine, Nitroglycerin, Nitroprusside: - Vasodilators - Decrease blood pressure Morphine: - Acute decompensated...

1. The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old child immobilized by a fractured hip. Which complication should the nurse monitor related to the child's immobilization status? a. Metabolic rate increases b. Increased joint mobility leading to contractures c. Bone calcium increases, releasing excess calcium into the body (hypercalcemia) d. Venous stasis leading to thrombi or emboli formation -Answer- D 2. The nurse is caring for a preschool child immobilized by a spica cast. Which effect on ...

Which of the following dental procedures does NOT requires antibiotic prophylaxis for individuals at high risk of bacterial endocarditis? Routine fillings Post-operative suture removal Dental cleaning Fluoride treatments Orthodontic appliance adjustment -Correct Answer Fluoride treatments Which clinical finding distinguishes periodontitis from gingivitis? Inflammation of the gums White discoloration of the permanent teeth Enlarged pockets at the gum base Gingival hypertr...

Which vaccines are contraindicated during pregnancy HPV, LAIV influenza, MMR, varicella, zoster, BCG, smallpox (prophylactic) Which vitamins and minerals are recommended for pregnant women to take to prevent different birth defects · Folic acid (neural tube defects) **; iodine - healthy thyroid; zinc- low levels associated with LBW; vitamin D, calcium, niacin, riboflavin · prenatal vitamins generally contain all the vit/minerals needed ** most important supplement How ART medication are ...

What does the central compartment consist of? a. Bone b. Fat c. Plasma d. Liver -Correct Answer c. Plasma A drug with first order kinetics that has a t1/2 of 8 hours. How long will it take to be considered eliminated from the body? a. 24 hours b. 32 hours c. 46 hours d. 16 hours -Correct Answer b. 32 hours Dietary supplements are drugs used to treat common diseases and illness. a. True b. False -Correct Answer b. False What can influence the absorption of a medication? (Select...

The two parts of then nervous system -Correct Answer Central and peripheral The ability that humans have to perform very skilled movements such as writing is controlled by the : -Correct Answer Cortical spinal tract A mother of a one-month old infant asked the nurse practitioner why it takes so long for babies to learn to roll over. The nurse practitioner knows that: -Correct Answer Myelin is needed to conduct the impulses, and the neurons of a newborn are not myelinated. A 50 year old ...

The articulation of the mandible and the temporal bone is known as the: -Correct Answer Temporomandibular joint The nurse practitioner is checking the range of motion in a patient's knee and knows that the knee is capable of the following movements: -Correct Answer Flexion and extension The nurse practitioner explains the mechanism of the growth of long bones to a mother of a toddler. The practitioner explains that bones increase in width or diameter by deposition of new bony tissue aro...