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Which layer of Earth is composed primarily of iron and nickel? a) The core b) The crust c) The asthenosphere d) The mantle - ANSWERSa) the core Subduction a) Is the result of a hot spot moving near a plate boundary b) Occurs when one plate passes under another c) Occurs when oceanic plates diverge and form volcanoes d) Is the process in transform boundaries that results in earthquakes - ANSWERSb) Occurs when one plate passes under another The Hawaiian Islands were formed a) At a d...

Which river was so badly polluted that it caught fire several times? - ANSWERSCuyahoga What was the impact of the British Clean Air Act of 1956? - ANSWERSlimited the burning of soft coal Which of the following became a significant problem during the Industrial Revolution? - ANSWERSoutdoor air pollution Which of the following was a consequence of building the Inco Superstack? - ANSWERSa decrease in sulfur dioxide emissions in the Sudbury area Which policy has been a cost-effective way...

Greatest number of individuals that an environment can support. - ANSWERScarrying capacity Time required for the birth rate to decline and the death rate to increase in response to limited resource. - ANSWERSreproductive time lag All factors which act together to limit a population's growth. - ANSWERSenvironmental resistance Any increase or decrease in the size of a population. - ANSWERSpopulation change Number of individuals born per thousand of population per year. - ANSWERScrud...

Public resources - ANSWERSResources that are considered owned by all members of society The Canada Constitution Act - ANSWERSThis act of 1982 consolidated this jurisdictional authority and it continues to define the responsibilities of provincial governments as the primary custodians of environmental resources. Ecosystem Management - ANSWERSAchieving societal goals for the interacting biotic communities and their abiotic attributes in a defined geographic area. An evolving concept that rec...

Acid precipitation - ANSWERSprecipitation, such as rain, sleet, or snow that contains a high concentration of acids, often because of pollution in the atmosphere Desertification - ANSWERSthe process by which land becomes more desert-like and unable to support life Energy resource - ANSWERSa natural resource that humans use to generate energy Land degradation - ANSWERSthe process by which human activity and natural processes damage land to the point that it can no longer support the loca...

What is the ultimate source of energy for most of Earth's ecosystem? - ANSWERSsun How much energy in one trophic level transfers to the next level? - ANSWERS10% primary producer (algae) - ANSWERS100% Herbivore (small fish) - ANSWERS10% Carnivore (Big fish) - ANSWERS1% Carnivore (Bird) - ANSWERS0.1% What are the three types of consumers? What do each of them consume? - ANSWERS1. Herbivore- plants/producers 2. Carnivore- meat (anything other than plants) 3. Omnivore- plants ...

Condensation - ANSWERSThe change of state from gas to liquid. Evaporation - ANSWERSThe change of state from water to gas. Precipitation - ANSWERSThe area of land that is drained by a river. Surface Water - ANSWERSFresh water on Earth's land surface. River System - ANSWERSA flowing network of water that streams and rivers form. Watershed - ANSWERSThe area of land drained by a river. Ground Water - ANSWERSWater beneath the Earth's surface. Aquifer - ANSWERSAn underground...

Explain how tolerance limits to environmental factors determine distribution of a highly specialized species such as the saguaro cactus. - ANSWERSTolerance limits are the minimum and maximum levels of a specific environmental factor that an organism can tolerate. The saguaro cactus has very specific and limited tolerance limits, which means that it can't really survive in many environments that don't fit its limits. Productivity, diversity, complexity, resilience, and structure are exhi...

Biome - ANSWERSA group of land ecosystems with similar climate and organisms How many major biomes are there? - ANSWERS6 What is another word for land when it comes to biomes? - ANSWERSTerrestrial How is an area's biomass determined? - ANSWERSTemperature and precipitation What are the 6 main biomes? - ANSWERSRainforests, desserts, grasslands, deciduous forest, boreal forest, and tundra What are the two types of rainforests? - ANSWERSTemperate, and tropical What are character...

Three types of wells - ANSWERS- Dug - Driven - Drilled Dug wells - ANSWERSDigging with a pick and shovel Driven wells - ANSWERSDriving a small diameter pipe into the soft earth Drilled wells - ANSWERSRotary drill bits mounted on a truck, chew away at the Earth, percussion bits that smash the rock Negative effects of groundwater depletion - ANSWERS- Lowering of water table - Increased costs for the user - Reduction of water in streams and lakes - Land subsidence : a loss of suppo...