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Interventions to prevent skin breakdown → Q2 turns, proper nutrition, water, food, consistent diaper changes if incontinent Presbyopia → far sightedness that worsens with age macular degeneration → the leading cause of visual deficits in the united states, it is the loss of vision in the central fields cataracts → clouding of the lens of the eye, causes clouded vision glaucoma → increased IOP leads to peripheral vision loss and blindness diabetic retinopathy → complicati...

Mr. Skene quietly paces in the ED waiting area with his hands on his hips and rubbing his midlower left side. He has a flat facial expression. Which factor is most important for the nurse to consider when interpreting this client's pain behavior? → Client's cultural identity. The nurse takes Mr. Skene to the triage area and performs a focused assessment of his nontraumatic, mid-lower flank pain. If a client has symptoms of tenderness at the costovertebral angle (CVA), what shoul...

Lumbar puncture → "spinal tap" an invasive outpatient procedure used to remove a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) form the subarachnoid space in the spine Cachexia → Weakness and wasting of the body due to severe chronic illness Death Rattle → sound often produced by someone who is near death as a result of fluids such as saliva and bronchial secretions accumulating in the throat and upper chest Cheyne -Stokes Respirations → cyclic breathing marked by a gradual increa...

myopia → nearsightedness; light focuses before the retina; trouble seeing far objects hyperopia → farsightedness; light focuses beyond the retina; trouble seeing close objects presbyopia → vision decline due to age; lens is less elastic; hard to focus on close objects (think of older people holding things far away to be able to see them) cataract → protein denaturation of the lens; blurry vision; lens will appear opaque and cloudy glaucoma → increased IOP; results from fluid...

NUANCE ASSIGNING MS-DRGS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024/2025

medication → substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease Dispensing of Medications: Controlled Substances → Kept under lock → Documentation requirements → Counts of controlled → substances → Procedures for discarding → 2 nurses to witness KASPER → Kentucky All Schedule Prescription Electronic Reporting" law → *Health care providers that administer prescriptions for narcotics must comply Legal A...

medication → substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease legislation and standards for non parental medication → Pure Food and Drug Act 1906 → → U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) → → Institutional policies Official government agency NPA Can patients refuse medication? → They monitor testing, approval, and distribution of drugs → → nurse practice act. There are certain medications that you ...

Physiology of urinary elimination → -void, urinatinon, micturition → -volume of 250-450 ml pressure rises → -cerebral cortex is the final control Process of micturition → 1. urine collects in bladder → 2. pressure stimulates special stretch receptors in bladder wall → 3. stretch receptors transmit impulses to spinal cord voiding reflex center → 4. internal sphincter relaxes, stimulating the urge to void → 5. If appropriate, the conscious portion of the brain relaxes the...

Thermoregulation → relationship between heat production and heat loss Febrile → Has a fever Afebrile → does not have a fever Constant fever → the body temp fluctuates minimally but always remains above normal Remittent fever → a wide range of temperature fluctuations (more than 2˚C) in a 24 hour period of time, all of which are above normal (most common with a cold or influenza) Relapsing fever → short febrile periods of a few days are interspersed with periods of 1-2 d...

Effective Communication  -essential to the coordination and continuity of care  -enables personnel to support and compliment one another's services  -avoid duplications and omissions of care Purposes of Documentation  -communication  -planning client care  -quality assurance  -research  -education  -reimbursement  -legal documentation Documentation  -is written or typed  -a legal record of all pertinent interactions with a patient Nursing P...