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(Chapters 1, 2, & 21) Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology 1. What are the 7 steps of health? • Be a nonsmoker and avoid second-hand smoke. • Eat 5 to 10 servings of vegetables and fruits a day. Choose high-fiber, lower-fat foods. If you drink alcohol, limit your intake to one to two drinks a day. • Be physically active on a regular basis. This will also help you maintain a healthy body weight. • Protect yourself and your family from the sun. • Follow cancer screening gui...

(Chapters 1, 2, & 21) Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology 1. What are the 7 steps of health? • Be a nonsmoker and avoid second-hand smoke. • Eat 5 to 10 servings of vegetables and fruits a day. Choose high-fiber, lower-fat foods. If you drink alcohol, limit your intake to one to two drinks a day. • Be physically active on a regular basis. This will also help you maintain a healthy body weight. • Protect yourself and your family from the sun. • Follow cancer screening gui...

List and describe the four ways to measure cardiac function. PAGE 228 Cardiac output the volume of blood ejected by a ventricle in one minute and depends on heart rate and stroke volume, the volume pumped from one ventricle in one contraction. Cardiac reserve the ability of the heart to increase output in response to increased demand. Preload the mechanical state of the heart at the end of diastole with the ventricles at their max volume. Afterload the force required to eject blood from the ...

NR 283 QUIZ 5 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about malignant brain tumors? a. Most brain tumors arise from malignant neurons. b. Primary brain tumors rarely metastasize outside the CNS. c. The blood-brain barrier prevents secondary brain tumors. d. Brainstem tumors do not manifest signs until they are quite large. 2. Which of the following dietary supplements has reduced the incidence of spina bifida in recent years? a. Vitamin B6 b. Folic acid c. Vitamins A and D d. Zi...

NR 283 Pathophysiology UNIT 6 CHAPTER 16 Unit 6 – Chapter 16 Outline Endocrine 1. What is the difference between steroidal and non-steroidal hormones? (p. 403) • Steroids are lipids that enter the cell and nucleus and act directly in the nucleus to engage in transcription (messenger RNA). • Non-steroidal needs a second messenger system to finally activate the formation of mRNA. 2. How are hormones most frequently controlled? (p. 403-404) • They are controlled by a negativ...

NR 283 Pathophysiology UNIT 6 CHAPTER 16 Unit 6 – Chapter 16 Outline Endocrine 1. What is the difference between steroidal and non-steroidal hormones? (p. 403) • Steroids are lipids that enter the cell and nucleus and act directly in the nucleus to engage in transcription (messenger RNA). • Non-steroidal needs a second messenger system to finally activate the formation of mRNA. 2. How are hormones most frequently controlled? (p. 403-404) • They are controlled by a negativ...

NR 283 CHAPTER 6 REVIIEW TEST 1NR 283 CHAPTER 6 REVIIEW TEST 1 1. What are microorganisms? • Small living forms • Can grow in artificial culture medium • Fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoa. 2. What is nonpathogenic? • Microorganisms that don’t cause a disease unless condition changes. • Normal flora and are beneficial 3. What are pathogens? • Disease causing microorganisms • Called germs 4. What are bacteria? • Unicellular organism that doesn’t require living tissue to sur...

NR 283 QUIZ 5 1. Which of the following statements is TRUE about malignant brain tumors? a. Most brain tumors arise from malignant neurons. b. Primary brain tumors rarely metastasize outside the CNS. c. The blood-brain barrier prevents secondary brain tumors. d. Brainstem tumors do not manifest signs until they are quite large. 2. Which of the following dietary supplements has reduced the incidence of spina bifida in recent years? a. Vitamin B6 b. Folic acid c. Vitamins A and D d. Zi...

NR 283 QUIZ 4 1. Paralysis of the lower part of the body is called: a. hemiplegia b. paraplegia. c. quadriplegia. d. Isoplegia 2. Which of the following is likely to develop when a leg is immobilized in a cast? a. Muscle atrophy b. Contracture c. Muscle hypertrophy d. Increased osteoblastic activity 3. What do prolonged periods of immobility frequently lead to? 1. Orthostatic hypotension 2. Increased blood pressure and increased heart rate 3. Increased risk of both thrombi an...

NR 283 quiz 3. 1. A 25-year-old female is diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction. While planning care, the nurse realizes that the patient is expected to have hydronephrosis and a decreased glomerular filtration rate caused by: a. Decreased renal blood flow. b. Decreased peritubular capillary pressure. c. dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces proximal to a blockage. d. stimulation of antidiuretic hormone. ANS: C 2. A 27-year-old male has a severe kidney obstruction leading to remov...