Summary BTEC applied science/forensics unit 1 Chemistry: making salts
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Course
Unit 1 - Principles and Applications of Science I
Institution
PEARSON (PEARSON)
These are my notes on making salts, taken in my unit 1 chemistry lesson. It includes guides in the form of tables on the composition of different salts. Please leave a review :)
H2SO4
● Common acids are: ● Sulphuric acid -> sulphates
Sulphuric acid
○ Sulphuric acid ● Nitric acid -> nitrates
HCl ○ Vinegar ● Hydrochloric acid -> chlorides
Hydrochloric acid ○ Hydrochloric acid These are different salts formed by
○ Nitric acid different acids.
HNO3
Nitric acid
Type of compound Contains Gives
Metal hydroxides OH- water + salt
Metal oxides O2- water + salt
Metal carbonates CO33- water + salt + CO2
Naming salts
● First part comes from the first name of the alkali
● Last part comes from the acid
○ E.g sodium hydroxide + nitric acid -> sodium nitrate
● When the base is a metal instead of an alkali, hydrogen is also produced
There are four ways of producing salt:
a) acid + alkali -> salt + water
b) acid + metal -> salt + hydrogen
c) acid + metal oxide -> salt + water
d) acid + metal carbonate -> salt + water + carbon
dioxide
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