Kayla Damon
Biodiversity of
Microorganism
, Agenda
Definitions
Recap on Diseases caused
Immunity
MO and Technology
Traditional Technology
Summary
Presentation title
, Definitions
• Obligate: Needs to live in a host to survive
• Parasite: An organism that lives off another (its host), which is harmed by the relationship
• Bacteriophage: A virus that only attacks bacteria
• Syndrome: Group of health problems that make up a disease e.g. AIDS
• Retroviruses: an example of a virus that contains an inner core of RNA
• Acellular: not made up of cells
• Pathogen: disease-causing organism
• Pilli(singular pilus): Hair-like structures found on bacteria
• Coccus: a spherical bacterium
• Bacillus: rod-shaped bacterium
• Spirillus: spiral shaped bacterium
• Chemosynthetic:: Using energy obtained from a chemical reaction to make food
• Antibiotics: substance that destroy MO
Presentation title
, Definitions
• Binary fission: mitosis used in bacteria to reproduce
• Agar: gel-like substance made of algae used to prep nutrient media for growing bacterial or fungal cultures
• Protozoa: animal-like protists
• Zygospore: Thick-walled resistant spore formed from a zygote in fungi or algae
• Chitin: males up cell wall of fungi
• Hyphae (singular hypha): part of multicellular fungi
• Mycelium: all hyphae of a fungus together
• Saprophyte: grows and feeds on decaying organic matter
• Multinucleate: many nuclei
• Mutualistic relationship: both partners benefit
• Lichen: special group of fungi
• Vector: organism that transmits disease-causing organisms
• Virulent: extremely infections
• Mutate: a change in genetic make-up of an organism
Presentation title
,Effect and Management
Diseases caused by Micro-Organisms
, Diseases Caused by Viruses
• Rabies: Caused by an RNA virus that is transmitted through animal saliva. Affected animals can
become mentally disturbed and aggressive. Infections can be controlled through vaccination of
household pets
• HIV/AIDS: Caused by an RNA virus known as HIV. The virus is transmitted through body fluids fr
am infected person to another and weakens the immune system. The effects of infection can be
managed through the use of antiretroviral drugs.
• Influenza: The disease is caused by an RNA virus that is transmitted in droplets through the air. It
affects the nose, throat and lungs. Infection can be controlled through annual vaccination
Presentation title
, Diseases caused by Bacteria
• Bacterial blight (plant disease): Plants become infected in long periods of moist conditions. The disease causes lo
crops but can be prevented through crop rotation and intercropping.
• Cholera: Bacteria are transmitted by contaminated food and water. Infection causes severe diarrhoea, but can b
treated with antibiotics. The spread can be avoided by practising proper hygiene.
• Tuberculosis: Bacteria are transmitted through the air in droplets. TB bacteria can be dormant in the body for a
time. Because of a weakened immune system, an HIV-positive person is more likely to contract TB than an HIV
negative person. TB bacteria can become resistant to drugs so TB patients must complete the full antibiotic tre
regime.
• Anthrax (animal disease): Although this is an animal disease, it can also be spread to humans. The disease can b
managed and treated through vaccination and antibiotics.
Presentation title
, Diseases caused by Protists
• Malaria: The disease is caused by Plasmodium parasites, which complete
lifecycle in the female Anopheles mosquito (vector) and humans. Human
become infected when bitten by a female Anopheles mosquito. The dise
causes flu-like symptoms. Treatment includes the use of anti-malarial dr
prevention includes vector control measures by health authorities.
Presentation title
,Presentation title
, Diseases Caused by Fungi
• Rust (plant disease): As with bacterial blight, plants become infected in
long periods of moist conditions. The disease causes loss of crops. Cr
rotation and intercropping can prevent fungal rust.
• Thrush: Infection caused by yeast fungus, thrives in warm, moist
conditions. A thrush infection can be treated using a topical cream or
oral medication.
• Ringworm and athlete’s foot: Infections caused by the same fungus.
Ringworm causes red itchy patched on the face, scalp and hands, whil
athlete’s foot causes an itchy rash between the toes. Both infections c
be treated using antifungal creams.
Presentation title
Biodiversity of
Microorganism
, Agenda
Definitions
Recap on Diseases caused
Immunity
MO and Technology
Traditional Technology
Summary
Presentation title
, Definitions
• Obligate: Needs to live in a host to survive
• Parasite: An organism that lives off another (its host), which is harmed by the relationship
• Bacteriophage: A virus that only attacks bacteria
• Syndrome: Group of health problems that make up a disease e.g. AIDS
• Retroviruses: an example of a virus that contains an inner core of RNA
• Acellular: not made up of cells
• Pathogen: disease-causing organism
• Pilli(singular pilus): Hair-like structures found on bacteria
• Coccus: a spherical bacterium
• Bacillus: rod-shaped bacterium
• Spirillus: spiral shaped bacterium
• Chemosynthetic:: Using energy obtained from a chemical reaction to make food
• Antibiotics: substance that destroy MO
Presentation title
, Definitions
• Binary fission: mitosis used in bacteria to reproduce
• Agar: gel-like substance made of algae used to prep nutrient media for growing bacterial or fungal cultures
• Protozoa: animal-like protists
• Zygospore: Thick-walled resistant spore formed from a zygote in fungi or algae
• Chitin: males up cell wall of fungi
• Hyphae (singular hypha): part of multicellular fungi
• Mycelium: all hyphae of a fungus together
• Saprophyte: grows and feeds on decaying organic matter
• Multinucleate: many nuclei
• Mutualistic relationship: both partners benefit
• Lichen: special group of fungi
• Vector: organism that transmits disease-causing organisms
• Virulent: extremely infections
• Mutate: a change in genetic make-up of an organism
Presentation title
,Effect and Management
Diseases caused by Micro-Organisms
, Diseases Caused by Viruses
• Rabies: Caused by an RNA virus that is transmitted through animal saliva. Affected animals can
become mentally disturbed and aggressive. Infections can be controlled through vaccination of
household pets
• HIV/AIDS: Caused by an RNA virus known as HIV. The virus is transmitted through body fluids fr
am infected person to another and weakens the immune system. The effects of infection can be
managed through the use of antiretroviral drugs.
• Influenza: The disease is caused by an RNA virus that is transmitted in droplets through the air. It
affects the nose, throat and lungs. Infection can be controlled through annual vaccination
Presentation title
, Diseases caused by Bacteria
• Bacterial blight (plant disease): Plants become infected in long periods of moist conditions. The disease causes lo
crops but can be prevented through crop rotation and intercropping.
• Cholera: Bacteria are transmitted by contaminated food and water. Infection causes severe diarrhoea, but can b
treated with antibiotics. The spread can be avoided by practising proper hygiene.
• Tuberculosis: Bacteria are transmitted through the air in droplets. TB bacteria can be dormant in the body for a
time. Because of a weakened immune system, an HIV-positive person is more likely to contract TB than an HIV
negative person. TB bacteria can become resistant to drugs so TB patients must complete the full antibiotic tre
regime.
• Anthrax (animal disease): Although this is an animal disease, it can also be spread to humans. The disease can b
managed and treated through vaccination and antibiotics.
Presentation title
, Diseases caused by Protists
• Malaria: The disease is caused by Plasmodium parasites, which complete
lifecycle in the female Anopheles mosquito (vector) and humans. Human
become infected when bitten by a female Anopheles mosquito. The dise
causes flu-like symptoms. Treatment includes the use of anti-malarial dr
prevention includes vector control measures by health authorities.
Presentation title
,Presentation title
, Diseases Caused by Fungi
• Rust (plant disease): As with bacterial blight, plants become infected in
long periods of moist conditions. The disease causes loss of crops. Cr
rotation and intercropping can prevent fungal rust.
• Thrush: Infection caused by yeast fungus, thrives in warm, moist
conditions. A thrush infection can be treated using a topical cream or
oral medication.
• Ringworm and athlete’s foot: Infections caused by the same fungus.
Ringworm causes red itchy patched on the face, scalp and hands, whil
athlete’s foot causes an itchy rash between the toes. Both infections c
be treated using antifungal creams.
Presentation title
