Psychometrics Mid-term (All Solved Correctly)

Four Scales of Measurement correct answers Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio Nominal Scale of Measurement correct answers (Most basic - not used quantitatively - used as a grouping variable) Property of Identity: conveys information about whether two individuals are similar or different. Sorting into categories. Ordinal Scale of Measurement correct answers Numerals that have the property of ORDER. Ranks in which people are ordered according to the amounts of some attribute they possess. No attempt to determine how much of that attribute is possessed. ex) Rank a group of professional basketball players in order from most athletic to least athletic. Rank a group of high school basketball players from most athletic to least athletic. 1. You cannot quantify "athleticism." 2. The top ranked player for the pro team is not "equally athletic" to the top ranked player on the high school team. Interval Scale of Measurement correct answers Numbers represent a consistent and known difference (quantitative differences) of attributes being measured. "Arbitrary zero:" zero does not indicate the absence of something, but is arbitrary. (Zero degrees on a thermometer is not the absence of temperature.) Constant and additive, but not multiplicative (Eight degrees is not two times warmer than four degrees). Likert scale is an example of an interval measure problem: subjectivity. (The leap from "slightly happy" to "very happy" is not the same for each person.) Ratio Scale of Measurement correct answers Numbers represent quantitative differences being measured (same as above), however ... There is an absolute zero: total absence (0" is the absence of distance.) Additive and multiplicative (4ft. is two times as long as 2ft.) Scales of Measurement: Practical Implications correct answers - It has been argued that statistical procedures should be used only with measurements that are interval or ratio (this is controversial) - Behavioral researchers generally treat most tests and measures as having an interval level of measurement Interindividual Differences correct answers Differences that exist between people (most psychological measurement focuses on this). Intra-individual differences correct answers Differences that emerge in one person over time or under different circumstances.