NBCE Part I Board Review- Chemistry Questions and Answers Already Passed

NBCE Part I Board Review- Chemistry Questions and Answers Already Passed What is the only amino acid that does not exist in either L or D form? Glycine What are the 3 Branched Chain Amino Acids? 1. Leucine 2. Isoleucine 3. Valine What is significant about the 3 Branched Chain Amino Acids? They are all metabolized primarily through muscle What are the 3 aromatic Amino Acids? 1. Tyrosine 2. Tryptophan 3. Phenylalanine How are Phenylalanine and Tyrosine interrelated? Phenylalanine can be converted into Tyrosine What is the name of the enzyme that converts Phenylalanine into Tyrosine? Phenylalanine Hydroxylase Which classic metabolic disease is due to a deficiency of the enzyme Phenylalanine Hydroxylase? Phenylketonuria (PKU) What are the 3 Sulfur containing Amino Acids? 1. Cysteine 2. Cystine 3. Methionine What is the term used for when two Cysteines form a covalent bond together to make a Cystine? Di-sulfide Bond What is the first amino acid put into proteins during translation, also known as the "start codon?" Methionine What is Tyrosine a precursor for? -L-Dopamine -Melanin -Norepinephrine -Epinephrine What are considered the catecholamines? -L-Dopamine -Norepinephrine -Epinephrine What is Tryptophan a precursor for? -Serotonin -Niacin Which B Vitamin is Niacin also known as? Vitamin B3 Which co-enzymes are made from Niacin? -NAD+ -NADP+ What is the reduced form of NAD+ and NADP+? NADH and NADPH What is a peptide bond? A covalent chemical bond linking two consecutive amino acid monomers along a peptide or protein chain Which enzyme catalyzes peptide bonds? Peptideal Transferase What are the 4 levels of protein structures? 1. Primary 2. Secondary 3. Tertiary 4. Quaternary What is the primary level of a protein structure? Linear sequence of amino acids What is the secondary level of a protein structure? -Alpha Helix -Beta Pleated Sheet What is a tertiary level of a protein structure? Folding of a single polypeptide- Globular Proteins What is a classic example of a tertiary structured protein? Myoglobin What is quaternary level of a protein structure? Physical association of two or more polypeptide chains What is a classic example of a quaternary structured protein? Hemoglobin which is a tetramer (4 polypeptides) What is the Bohr Effect? A decrease in pH due to an increase in CO2 will promote the release of O2 into tissue by Hemoglobin to decrease CO2 levels. What does catalyzing mean? To increase the rate of a reaction How do enzymes increase the rate of a reaction? By decreasing the active energy What does ΔG mean? The change in energy What does -ΔG mean? The product is low in energy and is an exothermic, spontaneous, favorable reaction.. What