1 Adults Orthopedic Nursing Exam 78 Questions with Verified Answers,100% CORRECT

1 Adults Orthopedic Nursing Exam 78 Questions with Verified Answers 4 steps of bone healing - CORRECT ANSWER hematoma, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, remodeling factor in bone healing responsible for bone cell formation - CORRECT ANSWER Ca+2 needed to absorb calcium - CORRECT ANSWER vitamin D if this lab value is elevated we look for bone disease - CORRECT ANSWER alkaline phosphatase uptake of dye shows inflammatory process - CORRECT ANSWER bone scan if a patient is allergic to shellfish then what might be of concern regarding diagnostic radiology? - CORRECT ANSWER certain types of dye 6 factors in bone healing - CORRECT ANSWER calcium, vitamin D, no osteoporosis, no infection, good blood circulation, alkaline phosphatase what type of fluid makes a halo type appearance on a dressing? - CORRECT ANSWER CSF after a lumbar puncture what position should the patient be in? - CORRECT ANSWER HOB elevated; bedrest loss of articulation of the bone ends in the joint caps - CORRECT ANSWER dislocation partial dislocation where bone ends still partially touch - CORRECT ANSWER subluxation what type of exercises are performed if a patient has joint trauma (these help strengthen the muscle) - CORRECT ANSWER isometric T or F for joint trauma only give NSAIDs when the patient requests - CORRECT ANSWER FALSE inflammation of bursa - CORRECT ANSWER bursitis tennis or golfers elbow; inflammation of tendon at point of origin to bone - CORRECT ANSWER epicondylitis compression of median nerve and inflammation of the lining of synovial sheath - CORRECT ANSWER carpal tunnel syndrome what test is done for carpal tunnel? - CORRECT ANSWER phalen test treatments for repetitive injuries ... - CORRECT ANSWER immobilize and rest ice for 24-48hours and then heat -medications like NSAIDS -corticosteroid injections into the joint symptoms accompanied with a bone fracture - CORRECT ANSWER pain, edema, crepitus, deformity unstable vs stable - CORRECT ANSWER with or without displacement complete vs incomplete - CORRECT ANSWER total segment vs partial segment simple vs compound - CORRECT ANSWER closed vs open manipulation of the skin to fix the fracture - CORRECT ANSWER closed reduction surgical manipulation of bone to fix a fracture - CORRECT ANSWER open reduction advantages and disadvantages of internal fixation - CORRECT ANSWER advantages: fast ambulation; good stabilization disadvantages: surgery required 7 principles of cast care: - CORRECT ANSWER elevation; turn/rotate; skin edges/pad prn; pain control; window/bivalve (relieves pressure); neurovascular checks; hot spots/drainage 5Ps of neurovascular checks - CORRECT ANSWER pallor, pulses, parasthesia, paresis, pain numbness/tingling - CORRECT ANSWER paresthesia T or F in traction weights hang freely and do not touch the floor - CORRECT ANSWER true skin traction requires what weight? (range) - CORRECT ANSWER 5-10 pounds with traction comes immobility, so we must monitor for... - CORRECT ANSWER DVT, pneumonia, ileus, renal calculi type of traction that is intermittent and can be removed throughout the day (2) - CORRECT ANSWER lumbar and cervical skin traction is ____ term and skeletal traction is ____ term - CORRECT ANSWER short; long weight range for skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER 25-35 T or F infection risk is greater with skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER true 3 components of care for skeletal traction - CORRECT ANSWER never remove weights; clean the pins; check pins for infection components of nursing care for skin traction - CORRECT ANSWER skin assessments; protect pressure sites auto graft: from ____ allo grat: from ____ - CORRECT ANSWER patient donor bone grafts are usually taken from what site? - CORRECT ANSWER iliac crest or tibia what type of fracture takes priority? skull, facial, or ribs? - CORRECT ANSWER skull abnormal healing time, but is usually under 6 months - CORRECT ANSWER delayed union no bone healing within 6-9 months - CORRECT ANSWER non-union growth of bone fragments in faulty position - CORRECT ANSWER malunion bone infection resulting in high fever and chills; redness to ulceration and drainage - CORRECT ANSWER osteomylitis 25% of patients with long bone fractures end up with ___ ________ - CORRECT ANSWER fat embolus when might a fat embolism occur? - CORRECT ANSWER 1 hr to one week release of fat from exposed bone marrow attract platelets and occludes small vessels causing ischemia, increased capillary permeability and fluid shift - CORRECT ANSWER fat embolus S&Sx of fat embolus - CORRECT ANSWER respiratory depression, cerebral dysfunction, petechiae treatment of fat embolus - CORRECT ANSWER oxygen therapy and corticosteroids increased internal or external pressure due to a poor cast fitting, edema, or hemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER compartment syndrome why do arterial pulses remain normal if someone has compartment syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWER because the major arteries are usually outside the compartment symptoms of compartment syndrome (first 48) (4) - CORRECT ANSWER unrelenting pain, cyanosis, weakness, paresthesia treatment for compartment syndrome where you surgically slice through the skin until the patient bleeds - CORRECT ANSWER decompressive fasciotomy where is avascular necrosis most common? - CORRECT ANSWER femoral head avascular necrosis can occur prior to surgery or.... - CORRECT ANSWER 4-6 months after fracture it is considered a hip fracture if it is in what location... - CORRECT ANSWER proximal 1/3 of the femur how soon should you ambulate someone who has had a hip fracture - CORRECT ANSWER 24 hours no flexion of ____ degrees; only bend as far as a raised toilet seat - CORRECT ANSWER 90 if someone has a hip fracture, neurovascular checks should be done every ____ hr - CORRECT ANSWER 4 nursing care of hip fractures (6) - CORRECT ANSWER 1. no adduction 2. turn to unaffected side 3. ambulate within 24 hours 4. don't bend more than 90 degrees 5. neurovascular checks Q4 6. use foam splint or pillows between the legs newer technique for hip repair; shaving and capping of the bone; reduces post op complications, potential to last longer, and if it fails we have a back up plan - CORRECT ANSWER hip resurfacing the incision for a knee replacement is 8-___ inches on the front of the joint - CORRECT ANSWER 12 T or F in a total knee replacement, the quadriceps muscle and tendon are cut, and damaged tissue is removed - CORRECT ANSWER true what is the major problem with amputations - CORRECT ANSWER contractures who is more likely to get spinal graters 1. female 19yrs 2. female 39 3. male 24 4. male 15 - CORRECT ANSWER male 24 what is the priority in a spinal fracture...to decompress the ____ - CORRECT ANSWER cord complete spinal injury means... - CORRECT ANSWER its across the whole cord spinal injury at or above C8 causes - CORRECT ANSWER quadraplegia spinal injury at or above T1 causes - CORRECT ANSWER paraplegia spinal injury at C1-C3 causes - CORRECT ANSWER death from cardiovascular and respiratory collapse spinal injury at C3-C5 causes - CORRECT ANSWER death from respiratory failure in spinal shock, what happens to your BP and heart rate - CORRECT ANSWER decrease! both decrease spinal shock is cause by... - CORRECT ANSWER massive vasodilation following a cervical or high thoracic injury how long can spinal shock last? - CORRECT ANSWER it can start immediately and last up to 4-6 weeks if a patient has a spinal cord injury at or above t6 they are at risk for what for the rest of their life? - CORRECT ANSWER autonomic dysreflexia the #1 cause for triggering autonomic dysreflexia is a... - CORRECT ANSWER full bladder autonomic dysreflexia causes _____cardia and _____tension - CORRECT ANSWER brady; hyper logrolling technique is used in patients who have just had what surgical procedure? - CORRECT ANSWER laminectomy