Medical Surgical ATI Exam Questions With Verified Answers.

Medical Surgical ATI Exam Questions With Verified Answers. The period of time surrounding a surgical procedure? - answerPerioperative Name three things that perioperative includes? - answer1. Peroperative 2. Intraoperative 3. Postoperative The term used for before surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term? - answerPeroperative Educator, advocate and health promotion. What is the term used during surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term - answerIntraoperative Safety and advocacy. What is the term used after surgery? What is the nurses responsibility for this term? - answerPostoperative On going evaluation and stabilization of clients, prevention of post-op complications. What are these things: 1. Diagnostic: exploratory laparotomy. 2. Curative: fibroid tumors-hysterectomy. 3. Restorative: hip replacement. 4. Palliative surgery makes the client more comfortable. Does not cure, ex. suprapubic catheter. 5. Cosmetic surgery reconstructs the skin and underlying structures, ex. scar revision. - answerPurpose of surgery When would you collect these things: -Hx and data collection. -Age. -Drugs and substance use (look for withdrawls) -Medical hx, including cardiac and pulmonary hx (specifically comorbities ex. DM and CAD). -Previous surgeries and anasthesia. -Blood donations (this will tell you if they may have a disease like HIV) -Discharge planning. - answerCollaborative management assessment What are these things? -Age. -Medications. -Lifestyle. -Chronic illness-inc. risk -Prior surgical experiences-ex. anesthesia rx. -Type of surgical procedure-ex. exploratory laparotomy inc. risk for paralytic ileus. - answerRisk factors based on assessment What are these things: -Baseline vital signs. -Focus on problem areas identified by the clients hx on all body systems affected by the surgical procedures. -Report any abnormal assessment findings to the surgeon. - answerPhysical Assessment/Clinical Manifestations What is the common NRS Dx for pt's who are preoperative? - answerLack of knowledge secondary to lack of surgical experience. Who is responsible for obtaining a signed consent before sedation is given and surgery is performed? - answerThe surgeon What is the nurses role when a consent is being signed? - answerClarify facts and witness client signature. The nurse is responsible for making sure pt is NPO b/f surgery, what happens if pt eats? - answerSurgery get CX and by eating increases the risk for pt to have aspiration. How many hours does a pt have to be NPO b/f surgery? - answerUsually after midnight for 6-8 hours. Can pt still take his meds even if he is NPO b/f his surgery? - answerConsult the physician and anesthesia for instructions, especially for meds for DM, CAD, glaucoma, anticonvulsants, antihypertensives, anticoagulants, antidepressants, or corticosteroids. Why are bowel or intestinal preperation performed b/f surgery? - answerto prevent injury to the colon and to reduce the number of intestinal bacteria. An enema or laxative may be ordered by the physician. Do we shave the patient b/f surgery? - answerIt is viewed as controversial. Name things that you would teach the pt for postoperative. - answer-Breathing excerises, incentive spirometry, coughing and splinting, leg procedures and exercises, antiembolism stockings, and elastic wraps, early ambulation, and rang of motion exercises. Name 5 things the nurse would do for anxiety prevention b/f surgery? - answer1. Preoperative teaching. 2. Encouraging communication. 3. Promoting rest. 4. Using distraction. 5. Teaching family and significant others. If some one has come bk from surgery and had anesthesia what are the two high risk patients the nurse should really look out for? - answer-Those with liver and kidney disease. Induced state of partial or total loss of sensation, occurring with or without loss of consciousness. Used to block nerve impulse transmission, suppress reflexes, promote muscle relaxation, and in some instances achieve a controlled level of unconsciousness. - answerAnesthesia -Reversible loss of consciousness. -State can be achieved by a single agent or a combination of agents. -Central nervous system is depressed resulting in analgesia, amnesia and unconsciousness with loss of muscle tone and reflexes. -With this the nurse needs to consider emotional/psychological effects which include the fear of being put to sleep. - answerGeneral Anesthesia Name the two types of General anesthesia and info about them. - answer1. Inhalation-Intake and excretion of anesthetic gas or vapor to the lungs through a mask. 2. Intravenous Injection- injected through an IV line disposed in the blood. How long does recovery take when given general anesthesia? - answerRecovery depends on type of agent, length of time client is anesthetized and if a reversal agent is used.