Ace your further studies physics exam with my concise and clear Topic 6 Oscillation notes. These notes include the concept of oscillations, hooke's law, simple harmonic motion with newton and energy in simple harmonic systems and include practice questions and answers. Designed to save you time and...
To Oscillations
47
Simple harmonic motion and oscillations
Oscillations
-
lerms
Periodic motion-motion that repeats itself at
regular time interval
Oscillation -
Back and fourth motion
periodic
Types of oscillations
Free
Object can vibrate on its own without application of continues external F
2 g
.
. Pendulum with no friction
Dampenen
Damping forces slow dow escillations this
making them loose energy
e g
.
.
Pendulum with friction
Forced
External force acts to keep oscillation in regular time intervals
e .
.
g Shing with friction and someone
pushing them IF casel out
Forces and simple harmonic motion SHM
Terms
Simple harmonic motion -
Motion
occurring when a linear restoring force is exerted on an object
displaced from
equilibrium position
Restoring force -
Force that always acts towards the equilibrium posisition in an oscillation
Equilibrium position -
The position where there is no restoring force acting on an oscillating
Object and the net force is Zero
Example : Block attached to
spring on frictionlessSurface (free) compressed Xo
-
Equilibrium
Object will accelerate to
equilibrium posisition after block is displaced Related posisition
Force must cause acceleration (neuton #)(Restoring ferce Stretched F :
Restoring force
E F
+
x = -
1 x = g x =
1
Fr = Espring = Fr Espring = Fr
& &
&
=
=
Fg Fg
=
Fg
Hookes law
External/Applied force
F =
Ke
spring
Restoring force
Espring = -Kes
Where
:
Displacement
K
Spring constant (N m')
: .
measure of stiffness of
spring
If
spring is stretched
Direction of Stretch is+ direction
↑
Espring +kes
If
spring is compressed
Direction of compressed is -
direction
Espring =
kes
-
-
Newton
Fnet
#
=
and
ma
SHM
#
Espring :
Ma T= I
=
where F
Spring is
only Force f =
T
kx
fi
=
ma
-
a = W'r /From centripula motion)
a = -
Wax (W : Angula frequency Only valid for frictionless ocillation
-
kx = -
Wom
mW" =
4 el
&= Centriper motion
oly for horizontal
8 block no friction
, Free : No external forces to
allowing is continue foreve
1
Forced : External force that balances other forces allowing it to continue forens
Yes ,
forced-
Yes forced free
,
Yes ,
camperen No escilation
Yes ,
demponen
~
Periodic it 1
,
as
only occurs in direction
Espring Kes
k(k 2)
-
10 , 0 =
0 =
1
,
-
~
1
= 6 6)
,
10' N .
M
1, 2 + 10 "N . "
m "I will halve
No e must be small
compared to mat
stress/compression
Otherwise
spring will break
Espring =
Kos
-
10 35 +
,
103 = (2 , 8 = p3)xs -
+
for
for
compression
stretch
x =
3,7m ~
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