PSYC 334 Exam 2 CH 5-8 || with 100% Verified Solutions.
Natural selection correct answers Process by which certain adaptive individual characteristics
emerge over generations.
Example: In a dangerous environment full of predators, those individuals who are large or tough
or fast or smart or able to organize defenses are most likely to survive
Gestalt psychology correct answers Emphasizes the integrative and active nature of perception
and thought suggesting that the whole may be greater than the sum of its parts
Human beings seek meaning in their environments
We organize the sensations we receive into meaningful perceptions
Trait approach correct answers use of a limited set of adjectives or adjective dimensions to
describe and scale individuals
Character descriptions
Partial reinforcement correct answers A reward that occurs after some, but not all, occurrences of
behavior
Evolutionary Personality Theory correct answers Modern application of Darwin's ideas to
individual differences in personality
Focused on the function of a characteristic in survival
Classical conditioning correct answers Concept that after the repeated pairing of an
unconditioned stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response with a neutral stimulus,
The previously neutral stimulus can come to elicit the same response as the unconditioned
stimulus.
Can be used to explain emotional aspects of personality: neurotic behavior, phobias, superstitious
behavior, etc.
Field theory correct answers Kurt Lewin
Suggests behavior is determined by complex interactions among a person's internal
psychological structure, the forces of the external environment, and the structural relationships
between the person and the environment
Myers-Briggs type indicator correct answers Widely used instrument that attempts to measure
introversion and extroversion and several other subclassifications as defined by Carl Jung
, Sensation-intuition scale correct answers Subclassification of the Myers-Briggs type indicator
that reflects whether a person is more prone to realism or imagination
Temperament correct answers Stable individual differences in emotional reactivity.
Longitudinal studies suggest that characteristics tend to remain stable over time as children
mature.
Life space correct answers All internal and external forces that act on an individual, and their
relationships with one another (family, religion, work, etc.)
Generalization correct answers Conditioned responses can occur in response to stimuli that is
similar to the conditioned stimulus
BIS system correct answers Behavioral Inhibition system
Response to novel situations and also to things that are punishing
Strong BIS system you are prone to anxiety, always alert and worrying that something bad is
going to happen
Extinction correct answers When the pairing of the conditioned and unconditioned stimulus stop
Gradual decrease in the response to the conditioned stimulus
Cognitive style correct answers An individual's distinct/enduring way of dealing with everyday
tasks of perception and problem solving
Thinking-feeling scale correct answers Subclassification of the Myers-Briggs type indicator the
reflects whether a person is logical and objective or personal and subjective
Judgment-perception scale correct answers Subclassification of the Myers-Briggs type indicator
that reflects whether a person is oriented toward evaluating or perceiving things
Learning style correct answers Characteristic way in which an individual approaches a task or
skill to be learned
Discrimination correct answers Learning to recognize the difference between different stimuli
Responding only to the conditioned stimulus and not to similar stimuli
BAS system correct answers Behavioral activation system
Regulates response to rewards/how we learn to enjoy rewarding activities
Natural selection correct answers Process by which certain adaptive individual characteristics
emerge over generations.
Example: In a dangerous environment full of predators, those individuals who are large or tough
or fast or smart or able to organize defenses are most likely to survive
Gestalt psychology correct answers Emphasizes the integrative and active nature of perception
and thought suggesting that the whole may be greater than the sum of its parts
Human beings seek meaning in their environments
We organize the sensations we receive into meaningful perceptions
Trait approach correct answers use of a limited set of adjectives or adjective dimensions to
describe and scale individuals
Character descriptions
Partial reinforcement correct answers A reward that occurs after some, but not all, occurrences of
behavior
Evolutionary Personality Theory correct answers Modern application of Darwin's ideas to
individual differences in personality
Focused on the function of a characteristic in survival
Classical conditioning correct answers Concept that after the repeated pairing of an
unconditioned stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response with a neutral stimulus,
The previously neutral stimulus can come to elicit the same response as the unconditioned
stimulus.
Can be used to explain emotional aspects of personality: neurotic behavior, phobias, superstitious
behavior, etc.
Field theory correct answers Kurt Lewin
Suggests behavior is determined by complex interactions among a person's internal
psychological structure, the forces of the external environment, and the structural relationships
between the person and the environment
Myers-Briggs type indicator correct answers Widely used instrument that attempts to measure
introversion and extroversion and several other subclassifications as defined by Carl Jung
, Sensation-intuition scale correct answers Subclassification of the Myers-Briggs type indicator
that reflects whether a person is more prone to realism or imagination
Temperament correct answers Stable individual differences in emotional reactivity.
Longitudinal studies suggest that characteristics tend to remain stable over time as children
mature.
Life space correct answers All internal and external forces that act on an individual, and their
relationships with one another (family, religion, work, etc.)
Generalization correct answers Conditioned responses can occur in response to stimuli that is
similar to the conditioned stimulus
BIS system correct answers Behavioral Inhibition system
Response to novel situations and also to things that are punishing
Strong BIS system you are prone to anxiety, always alert and worrying that something bad is
going to happen
Extinction correct answers When the pairing of the conditioned and unconditioned stimulus stop
Gradual decrease in the response to the conditioned stimulus
Cognitive style correct answers An individual's distinct/enduring way of dealing with everyday
tasks of perception and problem solving
Thinking-feeling scale correct answers Subclassification of the Myers-Briggs type indicator the
reflects whether a person is logical and objective or personal and subjective
Judgment-perception scale correct answers Subclassification of the Myers-Briggs type indicator
that reflects whether a person is oriented toward evaluating or perceiving things
Learning style correct answers Characteristic way in which an individual approaches a task or
skill to be learned
Discrimination correct answers Learning to recognize the difference between different stimuli
Responding only to the conditioned stimulus and not to similar stimuli
BAS system correct answers Behavioral activation system
Regulates response to rewards/how we learn to enjoy rewarding activities
