Essay
China Extended Writing
- Course
- History
- Institution
- Saheti School (SAHETI)
An Extended Writing on China as prep for the IEB History Exam done by a 2019 Matric from Saheti School.
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Theodora Camizianos.China Extended Writing: Crawford.
a) In 1949 the Peoples Republic of China was established, and Stalin saw this
as a victory for communism. In 1950 the treaty of friendship was signed, and a
joint venture of industrial projects was started between the USSR and China.
The USSR gave aid to China and sent 20 000 experts and the soviets agreed
to receive and train 80 000 Chinese students to study Science and
Technology in Russia. China then also ceded to the USSR the use of two
ports on Manchuria, Dalian and Lushua. Relations between the two
strengthened due to their support for communist North Korea in the Korean
War between 1950-1953. Both countries also felt threatened by their common
enemy, the USA that was building anti-communistic alliances in Asia.
b) When Stalin died Khrushchev had denounced Stalin as a bloodthirsty giant,
Mao had respected Stalin’s ruthlessness and power and was constructing a
dictatorship similar to Stalin’s. Khrushchev had ended Cominform which was
set up by Stalin in 1947 and had announced the idea of peaceful co-existence
which meant that the idea of an inevitable armed conflict between the
capitalist and communist world was not inevitable. Mao was very critical of
Khrushchev’s policy of peaceful co-existence and denounced Khrushchev as
a Russian Revisionist of the true Marxist ideology, he felt that Khrushchev
was retreating from the active, violent struggle for the triumph of communism.
The USSR was critical of Mao’s Great Leap forward that went against the
Soviet approach of central control of the economy and Khrushchev criticised
Mao for being unrealistic. In 1958 Khrushchev visited Beijing to try repair
relations however he was placed in a poor hotel with no aircon and was
humiliated by Mao insisting that their talks be held in a swimming pool as
Khrushchev did not know how to swim. Khrushchev sent Soviet technicians to
China to help build their own atom bomb, however this wasn’t enough to
repair relations as Mao had been asking the USSR for help making China a
nuclear power for over a decade. In 1962 Mao had openly criticised
Khrushchev of being too soft while handling the Cuban Missile Crisis and
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