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Exam 2: BIO 202/ BIO202 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Human Anatomy and Physiology II|| 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers)- GCU

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Exam 2: BIO 202/ BIO202 (Latest 2024/ 2025 Update) Human Anatomy and Physiology II|| 100% Correct| Grade A (Verified Answers)- GCU Q: "partial obstruction of coronary blood flow can cause chest pain, pain caused by ischemia, often activity dependent"? Answer: Angina Pectoris Q: "Complete obstruction causes death of cardiac cells in affected area, pain or pressure in chest that often radiates down left arm"? Answer: Myocardial Infraction Q: "Vessels that have abnormal blood flow which causes over dilation and swollen of vessels"? Answer: Varicose veins Q: "Vessels that have narrowed by fibro-lipid plaque"? Answer: Coronary Artery Occlusion Q: "Heartbeat originates within heart on its muscle of its own"? Answer: Myogenic Q: "Regular, spontaneous depolarization"? Answer: Au- torhythmic Q: What is the properties of the cardiac conduction system? Answer: Myogenic and autorhythmic Q: What is the components of the cardiac conduction system? Answer: SA node, Av node, AV bundle, Left/Right bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers Q: "Pacemaker, initiates heartbeat, sets heart rate"? Answer: SA node Q: "electrical gateway to ventricles (brief delay so atria could contract before ventricles)"? Answer: AV node Q: "Pathway for signals from AV node"? Answer: AV bundle (Bundle of His) Q: "Divisions of AV bundle that enter interventric- ular septum"? Answer: Right and Left bundle branches Q: "upward from apex spread throughout ventric- ular myocardium in order to maximize ventricular ejection"? Answer: Purkinje fibbers Q: "(-90 mv resting potential), Very brief, stimulus opens voltage regulated Na gates (rush in) membrane depolarizes rapidly, peaks at +30 mv, Na gates close quickly"? Answer: Step 1: Depolarization (Ventricular Myocyte) Q: "Brief, due to voltage gated K channels opening but then closing"? Answer: Step 1.5: Repolarization (Ventricular Myocyte) Q: "200 to 250 milliseconds, sustains contraction, Slow Ca channels open, Ca binds to fast Ca channels on SR, releases increase Ca into cytosol (contraction)"? Answer: Step 2: Plateau (Ventricular Myocyte) Q: "Ca channels close, K channels open, rapid K outflux returns cell to resting potential"? Answer: Step 3: Repolarization (Ventricular Myocyte) Q: "K leak channels allow K out of the cell more slowly than in skeletal muscle, specialized Na channels allow Na in, generating a slow inward flow of Na ions into the cells of the SA node (opens more readily when the membrane is hyperpolarized (funny current))"? Answer: Step 1: Depolarization (Pacemaker cell) Q: "Is between -40 and -50 mv, much lower than a neuron, voltage sensitive calcium channels open at threshold, generating a slow depolarization"? Answer: Step 2: Threshold (Pacemaker cell) Q: "The calcium channels are rapidly inactivated, soon after they open, potassium permeability is increased, and the efflux of potassium slowly repolarizes the cell"? Answer: Step 3: Repolarization (Pacemaker cell) Q: "A graph of voltage versus time, of the electrical activity of the heart using electrodes placed on the skin, they detect the

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Course

BIO 202/ BIO202

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ExamI2:IBIOI202/IBIO202I(LatestI2024/I
2025IUpdate)IHumanIAnatomyIandI
PhysiologyIII||I100%ICorrect|IGradeIAI
(VerifiedIAnswers)-IGCU

Q:I"partialIobstructionIofIcoronaryIbloodIflowIcanIcauseIchestIpain,IpainIcausedIbyIischemia
,IoftenIactivityIdependent"?

Answer:
IAnginaIPectoris

Q:I"CompleteIobstructionIcausesIdeathIofIcardiacIcellsIinIaffectedIarea,IpainIorIpressureIinIc
hestIthatIoftenIradiatesIdownIleftIarm"?

Answer:
IMyocardialIInfraction

Q:I"VesselsIthatIhaveIabnormalIbloodIflowIwhichIcausesIoverIdilationIandIswollenIofIvessel
s"?

Answer:
IVaricoseIveins

Q:I"VesselsIthatIhaveInarrowedIbyIfibro-lipidIplaque"?
Answer:
ICoronaryIArteryIOcclusion

Q:I"HeartbeatIoriginatesIwithinIheartIonIitsImuscleIofIitsIown"?

,Answer:
IMyogenic

Q:I"Regular,IspontaneousIdepolarization"?
Answer:
IAu-Itorhythmic

Q:IWhatIisItheIpropertiesIofItheIcardiacIconductionIsystem?
Answer:
IMyogenicIandIautorhythmic

Q:IWhatIisItheIcomponentsIofItheIcardiacIconductionIsystem?
Answer:
ISAInode,IAvInode,IAVIbundle,ILeft/RightIbundleIbranches,IandIPurkinjeIfibers

Q:I"Pacemaker,IinitiatesIheartbeat,IsetsIheartIrate"?
Answer:
ISAInode

Q:I"electricalIgatewayItoIventriclesI(briefIdelayIsoIatriaIcouldIcontractIbeforeIventricles)"?
Answer:
IAVInode

Q:I"PathwayIforIsignalsIfromIAVInode"?

,Answer:
IAVIbundle
(BundleIofIHis)

Q:I"DivisionsIofIAVIbundleIthatIenterIinterventric-IularIseptum"?
Answer:
IRightIandILeftIbundleIbranches
I

Q:I"upwardIfromIapexIspreadIthroughoutIventric-
IularImyocardiumIinIorderItoImaximizeIventricularIejection"?

Answer:
IPurkinjeIfibbers

Q:I"(-
90ImvIrestingIpotential),IVeryIbrief,IstimulusIopensIvoltageIregulatedINaIgatesI(rushIin)Imem
braneIdepolarizesIrapidly,IpeaksIatI+30Imv,INaIgatesIcloseIquickly"?

Answer:
IStepI1:IDepolarizationI(VentricularIMyocyte)

Q:I"Brief,IdueItoIvoltageIgatedIKIchannelsIopeningIbutIthenIclosing"?
Answer:
IStepI1.5:IRepolarizationI(VentricularIMyocyte)

Q:I"200ItoI250Imilliseconds,IsustainsIcontraction,ISlowICaIchannelsIopen,ICaIbindsItoIfastI
CaIchannelsIonISR,IreleasesIincreaseICaIintoIcytosolI(contraction)"?

, Answer:
IStepI2:IPlateauI(VentricularIMyocyte)

Q:I"CaIchannelsIclose,IKIchannelsIopen,Irapid
KIoutfluxIreturnsIcellItoIrestingIpotential"?

Answer:
IStepI3:IRepolarizationI(Ventricular
Myocyte)

Q:I"KIleakIchannelsIallowIKIoutIofItheIcellImoreIslowlyIthanIinIskeletalImuscle,Ispecialized
INaIchannelsIallowINaIin,IgeneratingIaIslowIinwardIflowIofINaIionsIintoItheIcellsIofItheISAI
nodeI(opensImoreIreadilyIwhenItheImembraneIisIhyperpolarizedI(funnyIcurrent))"?

Answer:
IStepI1:IDepolarizationI(PacemakerIcell)

Q:I"IsIbetweenI-40IandI-50Imv,ImuchIlowerIthan
aIneuron,IvoltageIsensitiveIcalciumIchannelsIopenIatIthreshold,IgeneratingIaIslowIdepolarizatio
n"?

Answer:
IStepI2:IThresholdI(PacemakerIcell)

Q:I"TheIcalciumIchannelsIareIrapidlyIinactivated,IsoonIafterItheyIopen,IpotassiumIpermeabili
tyIisIincreased,IandItheIeffluxIofIpotassiumIslowlyIrepolarizesItheIcell"?

Answer:
IStepI3:IRepolarizationI(PacemakerIcell)

Q:I"AIgraphIofIvoltageIversusItime,IofItheIelectricalIactivityIofItheIheartIusingIelectrodesIpl
acedIonItheIskin,ItheyIdetectIthe

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