Introduction to Biochemistry (Chapter 1) Questions and Answers 100% Pass

Introduction to Biochemistry (Chapter 1) Questions and Answers 100% Pass What is biochemistry primarily concerned with? Biochemistry is primarily concerned with the chemical processes and substances that occur in living organisms. What are the four major classes of biomolecules? The four major classes of biomolecules are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. What is the significance of water in biochemistry? Water is essential for life; it serves as a solvent, participates in biochemical reactions, and helps regulate temperature. How do pH and temperature influence enzyme activity? Both pH and temperature can affect enzyme structure and function, influencing reaction rates and overall enzyme activity. 2 What is the basic unit of carbohydrates? The basic unit of carbohydrates is the monosaccharide, such as glucose or fructose. How do lipids differ from other biomolecules? Lipids are hydrophobic molecules that do not dissolve in water, serving as energy storage and structural components of cell membranes. What is the primary function of nucleic acids? Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information. What is a peptide bond, and how is it formed? A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed between two amino acids during a dehydration reaction, linking the amino group of one to the carboxyl group of another. What is the importance of amino acids in proteins? Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, determining their structure and function based on their sequence and properties. 3 What is the role of vitamins in biochemical reactions? Vitamins often function as coenzymes or cofactors, aiding enzymes in catalyzing biochemical reactions. How do metabolic pathways contribute to cellular function? Metabolic pathways consist of interconnected enzymatic reactions that produce energy and synthesize essential biomolecules.