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Samenvatting Analysis in Qualitative Research, ISBN: 9781847870070 Qualitative Research Techniques In Social Sciences (YSS20306)
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- Wageningen University (WUR)
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Samenvatting BoeijeHst 1
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Oleary
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,Hoofdstuk 1 - Introduction to qualitative research
Qualitative research = the purpose of qualitative research is to describe and understand social
phenomena in terms of the meaning people bring to them. The research questions are studied through
flexible methods enabling contact with the people involved to an extent that is necessary to grasp what
is going on in the field. The methods produce rich, descriptive data that need to be interpreted through
identification and coding of themes and categories leading to findings that can contribute to
theoretical knowledge and practical use.
The grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss) = methodology in which the data is center-stage
in reaching a theoretical description of a phenomenon and explaining it. Its emphasis on theory
development sets grounded theory apart from other branches of qualitative research.
=
- data are systematically generated and analyzed step-by-step in order to develop a theory
- in the beginning of the research has mainly an explorative nature
- when the research processes, data generation becomes more aimed at verifying result found
earlier on in the research process
- than comparative cases are sought to expand, confirm or deepen the assertions. (= theoretical
sampling, since the choice for new cases depends on the theoretical need of the researcher)
- The resulting theory will match the situations that are investigated, as it is directly derived
from and supported by, and therefore grounded in, the collected data
Defining and delineating qualitative research in this book
Qualitative data analysis is considered as an ongoing process occurring over the life cycle of a
research project.
Steps of qualitative research:
1. choosing a subject and approach
2. reviewing literature
3. formulating research questions and purpose
4. sampling
5. ethical concerns
6. data collection
7. qualitative data analysis
8. findings
9. ensuring quality
10. writing the final report
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, Hoofdstuk 2 - Research design
Literature review
- helps to come up with a research question
- shows which answers have already been given to certain questions.
- it allows you to identify a gap in the existing knowledge and to delineate your own research
- it might makes you aware of different angles of study, as you may have a one-sides view of
your subject
Literature could provide a ‘skeletal framework’. Researchers work in the beginning only with a few
concepts;
- sensitizing concepts = these concepts have not been formalized
- guiding concepts = have a fixed content that is reflected by its measure
Research question = the central question which the researcher wants to answer by doing the research.
Both descriptive as explanatory questions are allowed
- Descriptive (what) = What experiences do adolescents have with criminal behaviour,
misbehaviour and risky behaviour during night life?
- Explanatory (why) = How do criminal experiences of these adolescents relate to their use of
alcohol and the effects of excessive alcohol use?
Research purpose = why the research is done?
Legitimizing the choice for qualitative research
After formulating the research questions we argue why qualitative methods are the best procedure to
choose. The most salient reasons why are listed below:
- Exploration → when a study has an explorative nature → a newly emerging field of interest
that has not yet been extensively examined.
- Description → Qualitative methods offer the opportunity for participants to describe the
subject of study in their own words and to do so, largely on their own conditions.
- Explanation → Through the constant comparison of data with the emerging ideas, a more
abstract and conceptual model can be generated that is grounded in data.
- Change → Sometimes, manoeuvrable methods are wished for to follow-up on fast
developments in the studies area.
- Use → the results relevant to the target group might encourage the adoption of new policy
measures
- Sensitivity → researchers often choose to examine other people’s experiences and emotions to
thoroughly investigate topics that desperately need to be studied.
Sampling, recruitment and access
When the research question and purpose have been formulated → find a setting - participants,
locations, organizations, places, etc. in which to conduct the research.
Choosing a setting → use the principle of maximization = the location should be determined where
the topic of study manifests itself most strongly.
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