Samenvatting
Summary IBP: Group Dynamics Glossary (ISBN: 9781337671088)
Definitions of all theories and key concepts/words
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Acquisitive panics = caused by scarcity (black friday)Allocentric = collectivists
Agentic state = when subordinates experience reduced autonomy to the point they can’t resist authority
Ambiance = psychological reaction evoked by a setting (moods, feelings, emotions → subjective)
Ambush = covert action to inconveniences
Anticonformity = public disagree, private agree
Anthropomorphism = attributing human characteristics to objects etc
Approach theory of power = power increases approach tendencies (enhances cog func, resilience)
Attention restoration theory = cognitive processes that sustain high-level exec funct (attention focus + self-regulation)
Attraction relations = reciprocity (ppl like ppl that like them back)
Audience = onlookers observing something → disperse afterwards
Authoritarian leader = doesn’t take input/opinions from members, dictates, emphasises authority
Autokinetic effect = visual illusion where ppl stare at light in dark room and the light looks like its moving (explains how
ppl's opinions converge to group norms or VV → conversion in perception)
Babble effect = those who talk more emerge as leaders (even when info they share lacks quality)
Baiting crowds = torment teases others (suicide cheering)
Bathsheba syndrome = tendency for high status members to claim unfair/inappropriate privileges (moh)
Balance theory = tension is greatest in unbalanced pairs
Balance relationships = all relationships are pos. or even number of neg. Relationships
Basking in reflected glory = seeking association with successful groups/ppl
Barometric event = causes major shift in interpersonal dynamics of group
Behaviour assimilation = eventual synchronisation of behaviours between members due to norm of reciprocity
Behaviour = f (person x situation) → social impact theory
Blacksheet effect = evaluating outgroup more harshly than ingroup member for wrongdoings
Blindsiding = intentional public embarrassment
Biassed memories = followers remember favoured leaders actions that confirm their ILT even when leader hasn’t done
this action
Bilateral tactics = require cooperation (negotiations, discussions)
Buglist = list of irritations group is facing
Buzz group = subgroups generate ideas → discussed later as a group
Cells = complex, long-term tasks → need private spaces
Challenge response = evoked when confident about solving a problem (social brain facilitates performance)
Charismatic leader = achieves more performance, member growth, satisfaction (inspiring)
Circular reactions = involve no examination → leads to misunderstandings
Clubs = talented, skilled tasks → flexible workspace
Coaction = performing task in presence of others who are doing similar type of activity
Conciliation = middleground between fighting + yielding
Contentious = imposing solution onto another
Cohesion = attraction of members to each other and the group as a whole (↑ when members like each other)
, Compensatory tasks = averaging ppls inputs (weight experts more heavily)
Compresence = state of responding when in presence of others (basic arousal response)
Collective cohesion = degree to which groups unite (entitativity + sense of belonging)
Communitarian movements = seeking more ideal living conditions (cults)
Communal relationship = meeting needs + interests of others instead of maximising personal outcomes (outsiders
matter less)
Compliance = public agreement, private disagreement (obedience)
Conformity= change in bla that reduces their discrepancy with the same responses by others
Congruence = members already agree with the group
Contagion = spread of beh, attitudes, affect → cascade = chain reaction that flows through group
Conversion = public agreement, private agreement
Creativity = comparing ingroup to outgroup where ingroup is more successful
Crowd = public space gathering → form + dispuse quickly → arcs or rings
Crowding = psychological reaction when ppl feel amount of space available to them is insufficient
Crowd crystal = person who draws attention to prompt others to join group
Crutchfield situation = ppl give answers w/o other watching → less conformity
Cutting off reflected failure = distancing self from poor performing groups
Cyclical models = belief groups go through repeated cycles/phases
Cyber-ostracism = communication is eliminated (threatens need to: belong, control, self-esteem, meaningful existence)
De-escalation = negotiation, trust, win-win, 3rd party, time-out, positive spiral
Delphi technique = repeated assessment of group members opinions (surveys, questionnaires)
Democratic leader = discuss tasks, egalitarian (good)
Density = number of individuals per unit of space (concert)
Density-intensity hypothesis = high density → (un)pleasant situations more (un)pleasant
Dens = similar in skills and responsibility, short term tasks → need open shared space
Destructive obedience = when members fail to question authorities motivation, beliefs etc
Dilemma = choice of maximising own outcomes OR maximising groups outcomes (experience, communication,
pressures influence it)
Distributive justice = perceived fairness of distribution rights, resources, and costs
Distrust = leads to group paranoia → intergroup conflict
Discontinuity effect = conflict is greater when interacting with other groups (vs individuals)
Distraction-conflict theory = presence of others → attention divided → increased arousal → facilitates DR
Discretionary tasks = unstructured (group chooses their approach)
Dominance theory = due to dynamic tensions between hierarchically ranked groups
Downward communication = leaders → followers
Dynamic role theory = roles are dynamic based on plans, motives, goals & unconscious interpersonal, psych processes
Downward comparison = leads to feeling content and high self-esteem
Exchange relationship = trading of gratifying experiences and rewards among members
Electronic performance monitoring = imitates feeling of evaluation (same effects as normal evaluation)
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