Samenvatting
Summary Bouwstenen van de taal Engels
- Instelling
- Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen (RU)
Samenvatting van periode 2 van het van bouwstenen van de taal Engels
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Samenvatting bouwstenen van de taal Engels periode 2Module 6
Form Use
Future simple: will/won’t + infinitive - General predictions
- Future facts
- Decision made at the time of speaking
Be going to + infinitive - Prediction based on present evidence
- Intention (personal or impersonal)
Present continuous Arrangements
Future continuous : will/won’t be + - Prediction of an action in progress
ing form - Plans made in the past
- Events that are part of a routine
Future perfect: will/won’t have + Predication about a completed action in the
past participle future
Present simple - An event that is part of a timetable
- After certain expressions of time e.g. as
soon as
Before you start
Shall and shan’t
1. The use of shall and shan’t with I and we in the future is simple becoming
dated and rare now
2. Shall is common in the question form as an offer or suggestion
3. We don’t use shall and shan’t with he, she, it, you, they for predictions
Future simple: will/won’t + infinitive
Predictions
- We use this to talk about predictions based on opinion, analysis or
judgement.
- We often use will/won’t to predict an event which we think will happen
because similar events have happened in the past.
- We can also use will/won’t for future events that are certain to happen.
- We can use will/won’t + infinitive to describe something we believe to be
the case now.
- We talk about spontaneous decisions in this form.
Decisions, intentions and arrangements
- To ask questions about decisions we can use shall I/we
- We can use will/won’t + infinitive to strengthen the meaning and to
express determination
- In speech we usually stress will/won’t when we use this form to express
determination.
- We do not usually contract will to ‘ll with this use, except with a stressed
adverb.
- It is possible to use this form for very formal arrangements.
1
, Be going to + infinitive
Predictions
- When there is evidence in the present to justify the prediction, we use be
going to + infinitive
- With be going to the prediction is often about the immediate future.
- This use of be going to for the immediate future often has an element of
warning
- We can use will for a prediction with present evidence , usually when we
are given an opinion. We often use introduction phrases such as I think.
Decisions, intentions and arrangements
- We use be going to + infinitive for actions that we have already decided to
do.
- We stress the auxiliary be or not to express determination about
something we have already decided on.
- We usually avoid be going to + infinitive with the verbs come and go
Future continuous: will/won’t be + ing form
Predictions
- We use this form for a temporary action in progress at or around a
particular point in the future.
- We use this form to talk about an action that will be in progress in the
future, it may have a result or make another action possible.
- We don’t usually use the passive with this form, nor the verb be.
- We can also use will/won’t be + ing form to describe something we believe
to be the case now.
Decisions, intentions and arrangements
- We can use the future continuous to talk about events that are a result of
or part of an arrangement made in the past.
- With this structure the future event is seen as arranged, so we use this as
a tactful way of refusing an invitation or asking about someone’s plans
- There is, In fact, a little difference between this and the use of the
present/future continuous for arrangements. The future continuous
distances the arrangement a little, making it more fixed and less open to
change.
Other ways of expressing the future
- We can use will/won’t be + ing form to emphasize the routine nature of an
event
- This future continuous form can also suggest that an event is inevitable.
Future perfect simple: will/won’t have + participle
Predictions
2
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