THE TOURISM SYSTEM
CHAPTER 1 – DESTINATION MIX
Attractions
Scope
Primary Secondary Touring / stopover destinations
Ownership
Private / Public Private / Public
/ Nonprofit / Nonprofit
Permanency
Event / Site Event / Site
Drawing Power
(Natural Resources, Climate,
Local / State / Regional / National / International Culture, History, Ethnicity,
Accessibility)
Events
Unique experience
Festival atmosphere
Hype surrounding the festival
Festival organization
Facility itself
Variety of products offered
Destination Elements:
Necessary close to destination to be considered a visit
Support rather than induce growth
Facilities
Public institutions (Information points, road signs, …)
Retail (shopping malls, supermarkets, …)
Medical institutions (hospitals, clinics, ambulences, …)
Financial institutions (Banks, ATMs, …)
Infrastructure
Power sources
Sewage / drainage areas
Streets, highways
Airports, station
, Transportation
Buses / cars / taxis / motorbikes
Boats / fairs / cruise ships / catamarans
Planes / jets / helicopters
Trains / metros
important features: connection to other modes of transport, price, speed, comfort, safety
on the way: close-range view of local scenes, overlooks
Hospitality
Attitude toward self: self-confident, role of host instead of employee
Attitude toward others:
- teamwork & interdependence with other staff,
- empathy for visitors: accept as they are, handle moods, consider them saving up for holiday
Attitude toward subject: importance of tourism to whole nation (revenue, jobs, taxes)
Knowledge: familiarization with attractions & facilities
Appearance: awareness / control of body language & facial expression
Community awareness programs
- acceptance of tourism (show benefits, e.g. long term finance of local public areas)
- understanding for visitor (show reasons and inform about origins of visitors)
Authenticity
− pressure to retard modernity lack of economic communal development
+ locals taking pride in their own culture, re-discover personal identity
Determinants of destination attractiveness Deterrents to destination attractiveness
Natural features: general typography, scenery Security: political instability, high crime rate
Climate: temperature, humidity, sunshine/rain Health: poor sanitation, lack of reliable medical services
Culture: traditions, religion, language, Cultural distance: inability to communicate
style of architecture, local dishes restrictions on behavior
Infrastructure: roads, water, sewage, electricity Legislation: visa requirements, currency controls
Facilities: shopping, maintenance, lodging, information
Transport: distance & time, frequency, ease, comfort
Hospitality: welcome, ease of communication
Cost: value for money, exchange rates
Economic: international trade / retail
Uniqueness: one-of-a-kind attractions
Benchmarking
Internal (comparison to history), external (comparison to competitors/international standards)
competitive advantage
Travel trends Popular destinations Top reasons for travel
family / multi-generational Vietnam authentic experiences in new destinations
travel India rest & relaxation
luxury cruises China spending time / reconnect with loved ones
active adventure trips Galapagos Islands personal development
guided / private touring Morocco new experiences in familiar countries
beach resort stays seek of adventure
