College aantekeningen
Lecture 3. T cell priming in the COVID-19 era (AM_470656)
- Instelling
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
- Boek
- The Immune System
T cell priming, techniques to measure T cell responses, and COVID-19 and T cells.
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 2 van de 13 pagina's
Voorbeeld 2 van de 13 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
Gekoppeld boek
Titel boek:
Auteur(s):
- Uitgave:
- ISBN:
- Druk:
Verkoper
Volgen
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyLecture 3. T cell priming in the Covid-19 era
INDEX
1. Essentials of T cell priming .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Activation of the T cells by DC ............................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2. phases of the T cell response .............................................................................................................................................................. 2
1.3. helper T cells and B cell response ........................................................................................................................................................ 2
1.4. naïve, effector and memory T cells ..................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.4.1. Memory cells ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
1.5. Identification techniques .................................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.6. Exhaustion of T cellS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 4
2. MHC molecules and peptides ...................................................................................................................................................................... 5
2.1. Polymorphic ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
3. Techniques to measure Ag specific T cell response ...................................................................................................................................... 6
3.1. proliferation ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6
3.2. Cytokine production ........................................................................................................................................................................... 7
3.3. Cytotoxicity ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 7
3.4. Upregulation of activation markers (AIM assay) ................................................................................................................................. 7
3.5. MHC staining ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4. COVID-19 and T cell responses .................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.1. COVID-19 in the Netherlands .............................................................................................................................................................. 8
4.2. Human coronaviruses ......................................................................................................................................................................... 8
4.3. SARS-CoV-2 virus ................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
4.4. vaccine development .......................................................................................................................................................................... 9
4.5. Introduction of the vaccine ................................................................................................................................................................. 9
4.6. Immune response against vaccination .............................................................................................................................................. 10
4.6.1. Memory response .............................................................................................................................................................................. 10
4.6.2. T cell response.................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
4.6. Unexposed individuals ...................................................................................................................................................................... 11
, COVID-19. In the end we get Ab, helper cells and cytotoxic cells. We will focus on the T cell response.
1. ESSENTIALS OF T CELL PRIMING
Naïve CD4 and CD8 T cells are activated by DCs in the secondary lymphoid organs.
• DCs are the ones that can activate naïve
cells. → The 1st activation is in the
secondary lymphoid organ by the
presentation of the DC.
o They can activate CD8
(cytotoxic with granzyme, etc.)
o CD4 helper cells help:
▪ Antibody response
▪ B cell in the germinal
center to become the
plasma cells and also
the hypermutation
and positive selection.
▪ They help CD8 T cell
priming.
• Effector cells can be activated by any cell
that presents the antigen.
1.1. ACTIVATION OF THE T CELLS BY DC
T cells are able to prime naïve B cells because they can provide the three signals: (exam)
- Antigen presented in the MHC molecule that can be recognized in the T cell receptor. Then, it decides
the T cell that responds (aprox 100.000 cells per epitope), the ones that respond need the other signals. Is
they responds it means have the receptor for the Ag.
- Co-stimulation by CD80/86 that bind to CD28 and leads to proliferation and expansion of the cell.
1
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper nuriafarras. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €3,49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 83100 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen