International migration “..those movements across international boundaries which
constitute a change of residence..”
- For purpose of international comparison permanent and long-term immigrants
should include both citizen and foreign nationals intending to stay for more than one
year.
- International Organisation of Migration de nes immigration as a process by
which non-nationals move into a country for the purpose of settlement.
Various types of immigrants
Main types under the umbrella term migrants, it can change, rst you’re a education
migrant and later you fall in love and you’re a family migrant
- Labour market, Refugees, Migration networks, Medical, Political, Economic,
Education, Family
Refugees and Asylum seekers
- Asylum seekers are people who make a formal request for asylum in another
country because they fear their life is at risk in their country of origin
- Refugees; eeing their home country to save their lives and who have been
accepted and recognized as such in their host country (e.g. “former asylum seekers”)
- a person outside his or her country and ‘owing to well-founded fear of being
persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality or political opinion’.
Various dichotomies in labelling immigrants
- Voluntary versus forced ( due to threats to life, war, natural disasters)
- Self-supported versus smuggled
- Documented versus undocumented (or unauthorized)
- Orderly versus irregular (or illegal)
Concerns labelling/use of types/dichotomies
- Different de nitions in different countries
- Labels do not t complex (changing) realities (e.g., same person may be classi ed
as a refugee and family or labour migrant)
- Some labels/types have a negative connotation in some contexts (which may
hinder integration and disacknowledge individual characteristics)
MIGRANTS AND INTEGRATION 2
,Trends of migration
MIGRANTS AND INTEGRATION 3
, In the Netherlands, what are the biggest groups of migrants? —> Family migrants
Actual trends in migration to the NL since 2000
- Family migration is the main type in numerical terms
- Asylum migration volume uctuated considerably
- Strong increase in Labour migration (mainly form EU, Poles, Germans)
- Strong increase in international students (mainly from EU)
Migration data
Different ways of collecting data:
- Population registers (OECD, EUROSTAT)
- Administrative sources (visas, residence permits)
- Border controls (entry and departure)
- Household surveys (census, smaller scale surveys)
Migration data limitations and concerns
- Sometimes dif cult to compare stocks (how many migrants already in the
country) or ow (how many migrants entered the country) across countries: different
de nitions, way of data collection
○ Stock are the people who already live in the Netherlands who have a
migration background
○ Flow are the number of migrants crossing a boundary, within a speci c time
period
- Undocumented/irregular immigrants are not included in of cial data sources (in
some cases based on estimations)
- Mainly “western” countries (OECD) collect migration data in a systematic way
(allowing cross-national comparisons)
- Only a few (comparative) survey studies focus on explanatory factors. These
studies often measure intention to migrate and not actual migration (these 2 are not
necessarily correlated: why not?)
MIGRANTS AND INTEGRATION 4
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper swessels2003. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €6,49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.