100% tevredenheidsgarantie Direct beschikbaar na je betaling Lees online óf als PDF Geen vaste maandelijkse kosten
logo-home
Eerder door jou gezocht
Eerder door jou gezocht
logo
Summary Management Research Methods 1 All lecture and seminar slides+notes Pre-master Business Administration (most recent) €4,49
In winkelwagen
Snel navigeren naar
Voorbeeld
  2.  
  3. Universiteit Van Amsterdam (UvA)
  4.  
  5. Management Research Methods 1 (6012S0044Y)

Samenvatting

Summary Management Research Methods 1 All lecture and seminar slides+notes Pre-master Business Administration (most recent)
 2 keer verkocht

Very handy during the lectures and seminars as information will be told very fast. If you print it out you can write your notes on the side! From the pre-master february 2018.

Voorbeeld 4 van de 104  pagina's

Document informatie

  • Onbekend
  • 25 april 2019
  • 104
  • 2018/2019
  • Samenvatting

Onderwerpen

Gekoppeld boek

book image

Titel boek:

Auteur(s):

  • Uitgave:
  • ISBN:
  • Druk:

Meer samenvattingen voor studieboek

Alles voor dit studieboek (319)

Geschreven voor

Alle documenten voor dit vak (4)

Verkoper

avatar-seller
fleurwarringa

Ontvangen beoordelingen

Voorbeeld van de inhoud

Management Research Methods 1
(MRM 1)
Pre-master UvA
Block 1

Grade 7,5

All Lecture Slides + Notes

,WEEK 1 - Data 3
WEEK 2 – Location Dispersion 12
WEEK 3 - Hypothesis Testing 28
WEEK 4 - Tests 65
WEEK 5 – Central Limit Theorem 84
WEEK 6 - Summary of Hypothesis tests and experiments 98




2

,WEEK 1 - Data
1. Data
1.1. What is data?
• Data is information
• Data has a fixed structure
o It consists of a number of properties
(variables)
§ Each column represents one
variable (case numbers)
(vertical)
o Measured from a set of
things/people/etc (units)
§ Each row represents one unit (horizontal)

The (experimental or observational) unit here is a Case. For each unit (case) we have measured several variables.

1.2. Level of measurement
How do we measure?
• Categorical (entities are divided into distinct categories): Qualitative variable
o Binary variable (two outcomes), e.g. dead or alive. Winning or losing, passing or failing 0 or 1.
§ Usually considered as nominal, but it can also be used as ordinal or discrete.
§ E.g. MALE (=yes/no) can be treated as:
• Nominal: use 2 categoreis, ignoring and denying
• Ordinal: use 2 categoreis with ordering according to masculinity
• Discrete: define MALE =1 if male and MALE =0 if female, so that MALE
counts the number of males of an individual.
o Nominal variable, e.g. whether someone is an omnivore, vegetarian or vegan. Different
types of groups, different types of things where the number doesn’t matter. Order does not matter.
§ Employed/unemployed
§ Brand of a product
o Ordinal variable, e.g. bad, intermediate, good. The order is important bad median good, low high.
§ Likert scale (1= strongly disagree, 5= strongly agree)
§ Job skill (unskilled, highly skilled)
• Numerical: Quantitative variable (or interval or scale)
o Discrete data (counts), e.g.: number of defects. Size of shoes, it is not about the category how good or
bad you are, it is the size of shoes. Other examples: throwing the dice: 1-6. The answer is fixed. Nothing
in between.
§ Number of cars sold (0,1,2,3,..)
§ Change in number of employees (..,-2,-1,0,1,2,…)
o Continuous (entities get a distinct score), e.g. temperature, body length, age, time. Can be something in
between 40,1…40,2… maximum information
§ Income (Euro, idealized view)
§ Temperature (Degrees Celsius)
If you go from continuous to binary, you lose a lot of information. If you go from binary to continuous, you receive more
and more information. He passed his exam = binary, he passed his exam with a 9,5 = continuous. So much more
information.

Hierarchy: 1. Continuous 2. Discrete 3. Ordinal 4. Nominal


Variables can be converted to a lower level of measurement. For example:



This implies a loss of information. It is not reversible.
For example: if you know that ‘body length = normal’, the exact amount of cm’s cannot be retrieved anymore.
If you transfer your data from continuous to ordinal (as in the example above) you lose a lot of information.




3

, Why is this relevant?
• For different types of data, there are different techniques to handle and analyze the data
• Over the next year. You’ll study a broad range of statistical techniques.
• The lower the amount of information in your data, the larger your sample needs to be.




Column 1: nominal; the order does not
matter. Not discrete because these are not
numbers. The order does not matter.
Column 2: nominal;
Column 3: nominal
Column 4: continuous
Column 5: continuous
Column 6: continuous
Column 7: discrete




1.3. Data collection
In quantitative research, you need to motivate and document the way you collected data.
• Is the sample representative?
• Is the data valid?
• Is there measurement error?

Population
- The complete group of interest
- All values of the relevant variables within the whole group of interest
Sample
- A (small) subset of the population for which observations are gathered
- The observed values of the relevant variables
- Random sampling: each member of the population has the same chance to enter the sample.

Exploring your data:
For qualitative data (categorical) we use:
§Frequency table
§Bar chart
§Pie chart
§Mode (most frequent outcome)
§Median, only for ordinal data (middle outcome)

For quantitative data we use:
§Histogram
§Mode, range
§Percentiles, including Median and Quartiles
§Box Plot
§Mean, Standard deviation, Skewness, Kurtosis
§Z-scores




4

Dit zijn jouw voordelen als je samenvattingen koopt bij Stuvia:

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Bewezen kwaliteit door reviews

Studenten hebben al meer dan 850.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet jij zeker dat je de beste keuze maakt!

In een paar klikken geregeld

In een paar klikken geregeld

Geen gedoe — betaal gewoon eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of je Stuvia-tegoed en je bent klaar. Geen abonnement nodig.

Direct to-the-point

Direct to-the-point

Studenten maken samenvattingen voor studenten. Dat betekent: actuele inhoud waar jij écht wat aan hebt. Geen overbodige details!

Veelgestelde vragen

Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?

Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.

Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?

Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.

Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?

Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper fleurwarringa. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.

Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?

Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €4,49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.

Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?

4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 69411 samenvattingen verkocht

Opgericht in 2010, al 15 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen

Begin nu gratis

Laatst bekeken door jou

Tentamen (uitwerkingen) ·

(0)

Adobe Illustrator Certification Test (2022/2023) 100% Pass
€4,49  2x  verkocht
  • (0)
In winkelwagen
Toegevoegd