SEMMELWEIS ENTRANCE EXAM WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are carbohydrates and lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER
Organic compounds that are mostly composed of three types of
atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What do carbohydrates do? - CORRECT ANSWER-provide
energy, in the form of sugars like glucose a...
What are carbohydrates and lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Organic compounds that are mostly composed of three types of
atom; carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What do carbohydrates do? - CORRECT ANSWER-provide
energy, in the form of sugars like glucose and fructose, but they
also make up structures like cellulose, which form the cell wall
of plant cells
What type of carbohydrate is the most important source of
energy? - CORRECT ANSWER-mono-, di- and poly-
saccharides
What are mono and disaccharides? - CORRECT ANSWER-
polar and soluble in water
What are polysaccharides? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Macromolecules resulting from polymerisation (condensation)
of sugars and are not soluble in water
Examples of monosaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER-ribose,
glucose, fructose, galactose
,What forms a disaccharide? - CORRECT ANSWER-two
monosaccharides linked together by condensation reactions
with glycosidic bonds releasing one H2O molecule
Alpha glucose structure - CORRECT ANSWER-
Beta glucose structure - CORRECT ANSWER-
Examples of Polysaccharides - CORRECT ANSWER-cellulose,
glycogen and starch
Monomer of Sucrose - CORRECT ANSWER-glucose and
fructose
monomer of maltose - CORRECT ANSWER-glucose and
glucose
monomer of lactose - CORRECT ANSWER-glucose and
galactose
monomer of starch - CORRECT ANSWER-glucose
monomer of glycogen - CORRECT ANSWER-glucose
monomer of cellulose - CORRECT ANSWER-glucose
In animals, what carbohydrate stores energy? - CORRECT
ANSWER-glycogen
What jobs do carbohydrates have other than storing energy? -
CORRECT ANSWER-structural components
What differs the polysaccharides all made up of glucose? -
CORRECT ANSWER-they differ in the arrangement of glucose
molecules and position of the glycosidic bonds
, Starch arrangement - CORRECT ANSWER-amylopectin
branched, amylose linear
What is galactose? - CORRECT ANSWER-a sugar in milk
What is fructose? - CORRECT ANSWER-a sugar found in fruit
and honey
Main characteristic of lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER-little to no
affinity to water, mostly hydrophobic
What are the simple forms of lipids? - CORRECT ANSWER-fat,
oil and wax
What are lipids characteristics in different solvents? -
CORRECT ANSWER-they are non-polar and insoluble in
water, but soluble in organic solvents
What are triglycerides? - CORRECT ANSWER-the main group
of lipids. They are formed by condensation reactions between
one glycerol and three fatty acids, creating ester bonds
What are the main types of triglycerides? - CORRECT
ANSWER-fats and oils. Fats are solid and oil liquid at room
temp
What are fatty acids? - CORRECT ANSWER-carboxylic acids,
possessing a -COOH functional group
What are the two basic forms of fatty acids? - CORRECT
ANSWER-saturated and unsaturated
What differs saturated from unsaturated fatty acids? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Unsaturated fatty acids have double
bonds; a monounsaturated having one, whereas a
polyunsaturated having multiple
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