This is an extended summary of all lectures for the course (Fundamentals of) Work and Organizational Psychology (1JV00). This 73-page document (with a clickable table of contents for easier navigation) summarizes the essence of all topics covered in the course (as far as I could imagine when writin...
Table of contents
1. Methods & techniques
History of W&O-psychology
The start of W&O-psychology
How work in the 21st century has changed
Science & research
Research design
Experimental research design
Quasi-experimental research design
Non-experimental research design
Data collection
Data analysis
Descriptive statistics
Inferential statistics
Relationship between variables (correlation)
Criteria for measurement instruments
2. Individual differences & assessment
An introduction to individual differences
Human attributes
'g'
Ability
Personality
Foundations of assessment
Assessment procedures
3. Personnel selection & work performance
Conceptual issues in staffing
Evaluation of staffing outcomes
Selection errors
Practical issues in staffing
A basic model of performance
Components & determinants of work performance
Extensions of the basic performance model
Contextual performance
Other performance
Job analysis: fundamental properties and practices
Job analysis: newer developments
1JV00 - course summary 1
, 4. Work motivation
An introduction to motivation
Motivational theories (classic approaches)
Person-as-machine
Person-as-scientist
Modern approaches to work motivation
Goal-setting theory
Practical issues in motivation
5. Performance evaluation & training
Basic concepts in performance measurement
Performance rating: substance
Rating formats
Performance rating: process
Sources of performance ratings
Reliability & validity of evaluations
Foundations of training and learning
Learning & motivational theories applied to training
Principles of learning
Content and methods of training
Evaluating training programs
6. Attitudes, emotions & work
Work attitudes
Job satisfaction
Moods, emotions, attitudes, and behavior
Organizational commitment, identification & engagement
6. Stress & worker well-being
The problem of stress
Theories of work stress
Stress management
6. Fairness, justice, and diversity in the workplace
Justice and fairness
Conclusion on motivation
7. Leadership
Leadership bases
Leadership theories
Power approach
Trait approach
Behavioral approach
Contingency approach
Modern leadership theories
7. Decision making
Participative decision making
Traps in group decision making
8. Teams in organizations
Types of teams
Team effectiveness
Team inputs
Team processes
Team outputs
9. Organizational structure
Characteristics of the organizational structure
Classic organizational theory
1JV00 - course summary 2
, The Tayloristic work-organization
The socio-technical work organization
10. Organizational culture
Characteristics of the national culture
Hofstede’s model
The national culture of the Netherlands
Characteristics of the organizational culture
Socialization
Climates versus cultures
11. Organizational change
Episodic change
Continuous change
Resistance to change
Organizational change/development
Organizational development techniques for work groups
Organization-wide development techniques
When radical changes are needed
Business Process Re-engineering (BPR)
1. Methods & techniques
History of W&O-psychology
The start of W&O-psychology
Roots trace back to both world wars Important themes:
Mostly attention for psychology of the Testing/selecting people to do a certain
individual type of job → person-environment fit
Productivity improvement & time studies →
develojpment of the assembly line
Attention for the work circumstances in
(war) factories
How work in the 21st century has changed
More global → 24h economy Important themes:
More technology Human capacities & individual differences
More diversity in workforce Task aspects & work environment
More teamwork Emotions, experience & stress
More mental workload Work performance
More ‘emotional labour’ Motivation & satisfaction
Less security due to mergers, takeovers, Conflict & counter productivity
reorganizations, outsourcing, etc. Leadership & power
Work-life balance has changed Human decision making
1JV00 - course summary 3
, Teamwork
Work-life balance
Culture & diversity
Science & research
(Work & organizational) Psychology: the scientific discipline that seeks to understand/predict/control
human behavior by establishing general principles (in work-related context).
1. How human behavior affects organizational processes
2. How organizational processes affect human behavior
Science: an approach that involves the understanding/prediction/control of some phenomenon of interest.
Logical approach, based on theories from which testable hypotheses can be derived
Knowledge based on data
Open, transparent & publicly available
The process of falsifiability: the inherent possibility that a hypothesis can be proved false
Researchers should be independent and objective concerning their research results
Theory: a set of interrelated concepts, definitions, and propositions that are advanced to explain or
predict phenomena.
Seen as important by the scientific community
Peer-reviewed
Empirically tested
Verifiable and replicable
Empirical research: data-driven approach to test theories and relationships.
The empirical cycle for research development.
Research design
Laboratory or field research?
Participants?
Conditions and how to assign people to the different experimental conditions?
What are the relevant variables?
How to measure the variables?
1JV00 - course summary 4
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