Neuroscience of social behavior &
emotional disorders (NSBED)
Alle info bij elkaar <3
Inhoudsopgave
HC1: introduction & methods .................................................................................... 3
Clip 1.1 Psychological methods of sns ....................................................................... 7
Clip 1.2 physiological methods.................................................................................. 9
Clip 1.3 brain imaging: electrophysiological ............................................................. 11
Clip 1.4: brain imaging: magnetic resonance imaging ................................................ 14
Clip 1.5: brain imaging; lesion and disruption of function .......................................... 19
CH1 + CH2............................................................................................................. 21
HC2 emotion basics and basic emotions ................................................................. 26
Clip 2.1 Amygdala and fear...................................................................................... 37
Clip 2.2 insula and disgust ...................................................................................... 39
Clip 2.3 reward and motivation ................................................................................ 41
Clip 2.4: emotional decision making ........................................................................ 46
Ch 3+ 4 .................................................................................................................. 48
HC3: Reading faces and bodies ............................................................................... 55
Clip 3.1 recognizing faces, bodies and emotions ...................................................... 63
Clip 3.2 disorders of face an emotion recognition ..................................................... 71
CH5....................................................................................................................... 73
HC4: Personality disorders A (very) brief introduction from a clinical, developmental,
and neuroscience perspective ................................................................................ 77
Articile: Personality disorder across the life course ................................................... 83
HC5: the social neuroscience of smell ..................................................................... 84
5.1: from myths to facts: The power of smell ............................................................. 94
5.2 there’s chemistry between us ............................................................................ 99
5.3 emotional disorders and smell ..........................................................................102
Article: Titrating the Smell of Fear: Initial Evidence for Dose-Invariant Behavioral,
Physiological, and Neural Responses .....................................................................105
HC6: understanding others ....................................................................................106
,Clip 6.1 empathy ...................................................................................................109
Clip 6.2 simulation theory ......................................................................................111
Clip 6.3 Autism......................................................................................................114
Ch6 ......................................................................................................................115
HC7: hormones and behavior .................................................................................119
Article: Testosterone and Dominance in Humans: Behavioral and Brain Mechanisms .127
HC8: interacting with others ...................................................................................128
8.1: ultimatum game .............................................................................................133
8.2 altruism, prosociality and trust game.................................................................135
Ch7: Interacting with Others...................................................................................139
H9: relationships ...................................................................................................140
9.1 infants attachment...........................................................................................148
9.2 adult attachment .............................................................................................151
Ch8 ......................................................................................................................154
H10: groups and identity ........................................................................................155
10.1 the self ..........................................................................................................160
10.2 groups ...........................................................................................................162
Ch9: .....................................................................................................................164
HC11: Morality and antisocial behaviour .................................................................167
11.1 what is morality and how can we measure it? ...................................................172
11.2 The neuroscience of moral behavior ................................................................173
11.3 antisocial behaviour .......................................................................................177
CH10: ...................................................................................................................180
H12: Developmental Social Neuroscience ..............................................................183
12.1 infancy ..........................................................................................................188
12.2 childhood ......................................................................................................192
12.3 adolescence ..................................................................................................198
CH11 ....................................................................................................................201
,HC1: introduction & methods
Social neuroscientist
- Hormones & behavior
- Amygdala functioning
- Emotional disorders (social anxiety, psychopathy, borderline, etc.)
Intro to social neuroscience
Levels of explanation
It is a combination sociology & social psychology & neuroscience
‘To understand prejudice, we need to understand the social economic, and historical
context’
Sociology
The study of social behavior or society, including its origins, development, organization,
networks, and institutions
In sociology they study group structures, how people interact within and how groups
interact with individuals. What we know is that groups are important because we are
social animals, living in group. Those who grow up in a group identify with people -> in-
and outgroup. We tend to be favourable to our in-group and consequently unfavourable
to the out-group. Prejudice = unavoidable, otherwise relate to every person.. in essence
always prejudices but not racist > part of our group behaviour.
‘To understand a prejudice we need to understand the social, economic, and historical
context’
Sociology tries to understand how the thoughts feelings and behaviours of individuals
are influenced
Social psychology
Attempts to understand how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are
influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others
Attribute to the personal characteristics (out) vs the environment / circumstances
(ingroup), so Positive behavior of ingroup members is felt/interpreted as personal,
, negative behavior as contextual (vice versa for outgroup members) -> takes away the
motivation to empathize with outgroup
Underlying, for instance, ‘dehumanization’ > Slavery, violent jihad, flaming and also
racism…
‘To understand a prejudice we need to understand how the social, economic, and
historical context influences our motivations and emotions’
neuroscience
Neuroscience attempts to understand behavior by studying the underlying circuitry in
the brain > see knowledge clips: Psychological methods, Physiological methods, Brain
imaging: EEG, Brain imaging: MRI, Brain imaging: Lesion and stimulation
For instance oxytocin; The ‘love-hormone’… but only for the ingroup
‘To understand a prejudice we need to understand how the social, economic, and
historical context influence the neural mechanisms underlying our motivations and
emotions’
Social neuroscience
attempts to link these different explanation: biology (neuroscience), individual (social
psychology), group (sociology)
Brief intro social brain
Is social brain modular? Specialized routines and brain structures that
perform very specific functions
or non-modular? Specific functions are the result of many routines and
structures
Turn to evolution:
General idea: bigger brains lead to changes in both social and non-social intelligence
(Gould, 1991)
Or maybe like this (social intelligence hypothesis): we were social animals due to simple
form, but increased group and complex social situation we had to increase our
