Nurs 6501 advanced pathophysiology
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Absolute polycythemia 
 ANSWER: excessive red blood cell production; a physiologic response resulting 
from increased erythropoietin secretion in response to chronic hypoxia or as a symptom 
of polycythemia vera. 
Absorption atelectasis 
 ANSWER: see Atelectasis. 
Acid maltase deficiency (glycogen storage disease type II or Pompe disease) 
 ANSWER: an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that damages muscle and 
nerve cells throughout the body by an accumulation of glycogen in the lysosome ...
Vesicollobullous disorders is a type of mucocutaneous disease characterized by 
vesicles and bullae. What are some examples? 
 ANSWER: Pemphigus, bulbous pemphigoid, erythema multiforme, SJS, TEN 
Types of Angina 
 ANSWER: stable, unstable, variant/printzmetal, silent 
A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated unconjugated bilirubin level and 
icterus. Your concern is that this child may have: 
a. physiologic jaundice 
b. kernicterus 
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency...
By what mechanism does intussusception cause an intestinal obstruction? 
-Telescoping of part of the intestine into another section of intestine 
-Twisting the intestine on its mesenteric pedicle 
-Loss of peristaltic motor activity in the intestine 
-Fibrin and scar tissue that attaches to the intestinal omentum 
 ANSWER: -Telescoping of part of the intestine into another section of intestine 
Which gastric cells secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor? 
-Parietal 
-Chief 
-G 
-D 
 ANSWE...
1. Which statement made by a student indicates the healthcare professional needs to 
describe the pericardium again? 
a. The pericardium is a double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart. 
b. It is made up of connective tissue and a surface layer of squamous cells. 
c. The pericardium protects the heart against infection and inflammation from the lungs 
and pleural space. 
d. It contains pain and mechanoreceptors that can elicit reflex changes in blood 
pressure and heart rate. 
 ANSW...
Lead poisoning affects the nervous system by 
A. Interfering with the function of neurotransmitters 
B. Inhibiting the production of myelin around nerves 
C. Increasing the resting membrane potential 
D. Altering the transport of potassium into the nerves 
 ANSWER: A 
Water movement between the intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment and the extracellular 
fluid (ECF) compartment is primarily a function of: 
A. Osmotic Forces 
B. Plasma Oncotic Pressure 
C. Antidiuretic hormone 
D. Hydrostatic fo...
How are cells specialized? 
 ANSWER: through the process of differentiation or maturation 
What are the eight specialized cellular functions? 
 ANSWER: movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, 
respiration, reproduction, and communication 
What are the three general components of an eukaryotic cell? 
 ANSWER: the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, and the intracellular organelles. 
What causes the release of lysosomal enzemes? 
 ANSWER: Cellular injury causing cellular s...
A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the 
following will facilitate his continued muscle performance? 
 ANSWER: Answer: Anaerobic glycolysis 
What causes the rapid change in the resting membrane potential that initiates an action 
potential? 
 ANSWER: Answer: Sodium gates open, and sodium rushes into the cell, changing 
the membrane potential from negative to positive. 
A 12-year-old male is diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. His karyotype would reveal ...