- Samenvattingen en Aantekeningen

2 © OCR 2023 J198/01 Jun23 King Darius says: There was none who dared to act against Gaumâta, the Magian, until I came. Then I prayed to Ahuramazda; Ahuramazda brought me help… I, with a few men, slew that Gaumâta… By the grace of Ahuramazda I became king. The kingdom that had been taken from our line I brought back and I reestablished it on its foundation. The temples which Gaumâta had destroyed, I restored to the people, and the pasture lands, and the herds and the dwelling plac...

SECTION A: The Julio-Claudian Emperors, 31 BC–AD 68 Answer Question 1 or Question 2 and answer Question 3. Answer either Question 1 or Question 2. 1* ‘The sources fail to provide an adequate assessment of the reigns of the emperors Gaius and Nero.’ How far do you agree with this view? You must use and analyse the ancient sources you have studied as well as your own knowledge to support your answer. [30] 2* To what extent do you agree that the Senate and senators had only themselves...

SECTION A: The Julio-Claudian Emperors, 31 BC–AD 68 Answer Question 1 or Question 2 and answer Question 3. Answer either Question 1 or Question 2. 1* ‘The sources fail to provide an adequate assessment of the reigns of the emperors Gaius and Nero.’ How far do you agree with this view? You must use and analyse the ancient sources you have studied as well as your own knowledge to support your answer. [30] 2* To what extent do you agree that the Senate and senators had only themselves...

3 Claudius wanted to rule well, and in many respects he achieved his desire. Yet the main trend of the surviving literary tradition about his rule is contemptuous when it is not hostile, and depicts him as the victim of unscrupulous exploitation by his ambitious freedmen and scheming wives, … But luckily sufficient imperial enactments survive in inscriptions and papyri to reveal the thought of Claudius himself and these…show that he possessed 5 great administrative common sense. He n...

Section A: Relations between Greek states and between Greek and non-Greek states, 492–404 BC Answer Question 1 or Question 2 and answer Question 3. Answer either Question 1 or Question 2. 1* To what extent do the sources support the view that the Spartans always acted only in their own interests in the period 425–404 BC? You must use and analyse the ancient sources you have studied as well as your own knowledge to support your answer. [30] 2* ‘It was the unity which the Greeks show...

Section A: Relations between Greek states and between Greek and non-Greek states, 492–404 BC Answer Question 1 or Question 2 and answer Question 3. Answer either Question 1 or Question 2. 1* To what extent do the sources support the view that the Spartans always acted only in their own interests in the period 425–404 BC? You must use and analyse the ancient sources you have studied as well as your own knowledge to support your answer. [30] 2* ‘It was the unity which the Greeks show...

Section A: Relations between Greek states and between Greek and non-Greek states, 492–404 BC Answer Question 1 or Question 2 and answer Question 3. Answer either Question 1 or Question 2. 1* To what extent do the sources support the view that the Spartans always acted only in their own interests in the period 425–404 BC? You must use and analyse the ancient sources you have studied as well as your own knowledge to support your answer. [30] 2* ‘It was the unity which the Greeks s...

1 How beneficial to Claudius was the Roman invasion of Britain? 2 Read the following passage. [10] On one side was Augustus Caesar, leading the Italians To battle together with Senate and People, the Penates And the great gods, standing on the high poop, while from his brow Twin flames shot joyfully upward, and on his helmet his father’s star appeared. On the other wing, Agrippa, with the winds and the gods on his side, 5 Stood aloft, leading his line, and -that proud badge of warHis ...

1 How far did the Sicilian Expedition damage Athens’ ability to win the Peloponnesian war? [10] 2 Read the following passages. On the basis of these passages and other sources you have studied, to what extent was the individual ambition of the Persian Kings a factor in their decisions to attack Greece? [20] 3 © OCR 2023 H007/01 Jun23 SECTION B Answer one question from this section. 3* To what extent was the attitude of the Spartans towards the Athenians between 479–445 BC always on...