SEMESTER 2 2023 (860314).
, 1.1. Ethical culture:
Ethical culture refers to the set of values, beliefs, and norms that guide the behavior and decision-
making of individuals and organizations, emphasizing moral principles and integrity. It involves
creating an environment where ethical conduct is not only encouraged but also practiced
consistently throughout the organization, aligning actions with ethical values and promoting
responsible behavior.
In-text reference: According to Treviño and Nelson (2016), "Ethical culture can be defined as the
shared values, beliefs, and norms that influence employees' attitudes and behavior, and that
shape an organization's ethical climate."
1.2. Social learning:
Social learning is a theory that suggests individuals learn and acquire new behaviors, knowledge,
and skills by observing and imitating others within their social environment. It emphasizes the
importance of modeling and vicarious experiences, as well as the influence of social interactions
in the learning process.
In-text reference: Bandura (1977) explained that "Social learning theory proposes that new
behaviors can be acquired by observing and imitating others. It emphasizes the role of modeling
and the influence of social interactions in shaping individual behavior."
1.3. Professionalism:
Professionalism refers to the conduct, attitudes, and qualities that characterize a person's or
organization's commitment to maintaining high standards, competence, and ethical behavior
within their respective field or industry. It involves acting in a responsible, respectful, and
accountable manner while upholding the values and integrity of the profession.
In-text reference: According to Cohen and Houston (2019), "Professionalism can be understood
as the combination of knowledge, skills, and ethical values that define the conduct and
performance expected within a specific profession."