BBH 101 Final Exam Questions and
Solutions
Cardiovascular system (3 main parts) ✅1.Arteries away from heart(oxygen rich blood -
->body,Oxygen poor blood-->lungs) 2. Veins toward heart 3. Capillaries: small blood
vessels
Myocardium ✅the muscle tissue of the heart
Atria ✅2 upper chambers that receive blood from body and lungs
Ventricles ✅2 lower chambers that pump blood to body and lungs
Coronary Artery Disease ✅-artery damage from atherosclerosis (fat build up)
arteriosclerosis(thick/hard walls)
-restricts blood supply
-chest pains and difficulty breathing
Coronary Heart Disease ✅-myocardium damage from insufficient blood supply
-Causes:Myocardial infraction(heart attack)=no heartbeat/unconscious/ pain in chest
Risk factors of heart diseases ✅Age, Gender, FH, ethnicity
Transient Ischemic attack ✅mini stroke from blockage
Stroke ✅damage to neurons from lack of oxygen
Ischemic stroke ✅more common caused by clot due to narrowing fatty deposits
Hemorrhagic stroke ✅bleeding from a ruptured/weak artery
Long term effects of stroke ✅paralysis, impaired speech, swallowing, chewing, loss of
memory, personality changes,sensation changes
Aphasia ✅difficulty understanding and expressing ideas in spoken or written words
Management of cardiovascular disease ✅1.Diet and exercise 2.Reduce
cholesterol(medication and diet)
3.Surgery(angioplasty, bypass)
Management of cerebrovascular ✅1.Medications(blood flow, seizures)
, 2.Rehabilitation(speech and physical therapy)
Blood pressure ✅the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood
vessels
Hypertension ✅High BP "silent killer"
Causes(hypertension) ✅age, sodium, ethnicity,smoking,sedentary,stress
Associated with(hypertension) ✅heart attack stroke eye damage kidney failure
cognitive ability
Management(hypertension) ✅low sodium diet, exercise, quit smoking, light drinking
HDL vs LDL ✅HDL=good LDL=bad
Cancer ✅a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of
abnormal cells
Oncogene ✅a mutated gene that results in rapid uncontrolled cell division
Tumor ✅abnormal growth of tissue with no physiological function
Benign: ✅not cancerous
Malignant ✅cancerous
Metastasis ✅process of malignant tumor spreading through body
Carcinomas ✅cancers of the epithelial tissue(skin)
Sarcomas ✅Cancers of the connective tissue
(Bone, Muscles,Cartilage,Gut,blood vessels)
Leukemias ✅Cancers of the blood
(stems cells in the bone marrow)
Lymphoma ✅cancers of the lymphatic system
Hodgkin lymphoma ✅Originates in the lymphocytes (a specific type of white blood
cells)
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma ✅subtypes based on cell or origin B-cell or T-cell
Solutions
Cardiovascular system (3 main parts) ✅1.Arteries away from heart(oxygen rich blood -
->body,Oxygen poor blood-->lungs) 2. Veins toward heart 3. Capillaries: small blood
vessels
Myocardium ✅the muscle tissue of the heart
Atria ✅2 upper chambers that receive blood from body and lungs
Ventricles ✅2 lower chambers that pump blood to body and lungs
Coronary Artery Disease ✅-artery damage from atherosclerosis (fat build up)
arteriosclerosis(thick/hard walls)
-restricts blood supply
-chest pains and difficulty breathing
Coronary Heart Disease ✅-myocardium damage from insufficient blood supply
-Causes:Myocardial infraction(heart attack)=no heartbeat/unconscious/ pain in chest
Risk factors of heart diseases ✅Age, Gender, FH, ethnicity
Transient Ischemic attack ✅mini stroke from blockage
Stroke ✅damage to neurons from lack of oxygen
Ischemic stroke ✅more common caused by clot due to narrowing fatty deposits
Hemorrhagic stroke ✅bleeding from a ruptured/weak artery
Long term effects of stroke ✅paralysis, impaired speech, swallowing, chewing, loss of
memory, personality changes,sensation changes
Aphasia ✅difficulty understanding and expressing ideas in spoken or written words
Management of cardiovascular disease ✅1.Diet and exercise 2.Reduce
cholesterol(medication and diet)
3.Surgery(angioplasty, bypass)
Management of cerebrovascular ✅1.Medications(blood flow, seizures)
, 2.Rehabilitation(speech and physical therapy)
Blood pressure ✅the pressure that is exerted by the blood against the walls of blood
vessels
Hypertension ✅High BP "silent killer"
Causes(hypertension) ✅age, sodium, ethnicity,smoking,sedentary,stress
Associated with(hypertension) ✅heart attack stroke eye damage kidney failure
cognitive ability
Management(hypertension) ✅low sodium diet, exercise, quit smoking, light drinking
HDL vs LDL ✅HDL=good LDL=bad
Cancer ✅a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled growth and spread of
abnormal cells
Oncogene ✅a mutated gene that results in rapid uncontrolled cell division
Tumor ✅abnormal growth of tissue with no physiological function
Benign: ✅not cancerous
Malignant ✅cancerous
Metastasis ✅process of malignant tumor spreading through body
Carcinomas ✅cancers of the epithelial tissue(skin)
Sarcomas ✅Cancers of the connective tissue
(Bone, Muscles,Cartilage,Gut,blood vessels)
Leukemias ✅Cancers of the blood
(stems cells in the bone marrow)
Lymphoma ✅cancers of the lymphatic system
Hodgkin lymphoma ✅Originates in the lymphocytes (a specific type of white blood
cells)
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma ✅subtypes based on cell or origin B-cell or T-cell
