Samenvatting
EUGIC: very brief summary
- Instelling
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU)
Very brief summary of the most important points from my longer summary.
[Meer zien]Voorbeeld 1 van de 4 pagina's
Voorbeeld 1 van de 4 pagina's
In winkelwagengesponsord bericht van onze partner
Gekoppeld boek
Titel boek:
Auteur(s):
- Uitgave:
- ISBN:
- Druk:
Voorbeeld van de inhoud
Brief summary EUGICWeek 1: Course Immersion Week
• Reasons for establishing the ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community)
• WW2: 6 founding members (NL, BE, LUX, FRA, IT, GER) fear war, with production overlook this was less likely.
• Europe had to get back on its feet economically
• Since 2008, several crises: economic/ nancial crisis, refugee/migration crisis, populism, Brexit and covid => criticism on European
integration = technocratic governance & failing to deliver what it had promised
• Institutions of the EU: European Commission, European Parliament, the Council of the EU, the European Court of Justice, ECB, European
Council
• Copenhagen criteria = criteria that countries that wish to join have to meet: working market economies, liberal democracies and acquis
communautaire.
• Sources of the Budget: custom duties/sugar levies, percentage of VAT in member states and 1% of GNI
• Wallace and Reh describe 5 types of policy making: classical community method, EU regulatory mode, EU distributional mode, policy
coordination mode and intensive transgovernmentalism
Week 2: Introduction and Historical Process of European Integration
• Pan-Europa Movement = during interbellum writers should strive for united states of Europe in order to prevent war
• D. Mitrany = “a working peace system” => functionalism, if states are interdependent, they won’t go to war.
• Treaty of Dunkirk 1947, UK and France cooperation against repeating Germany
• Treaty of Brussels = + Benelux countries
• 1949 — NATO on the basis of these treaties + USA
• Schuman Declaration = 1950, French foreign minister proposed plan to Germany production coal and steel in higher power.
• Paris Treaty 1951 establishing ECSC + Benelux (because war is in their territory) & Italy (revival from Mussolini) = 6
• EDC = European Defense Community = Korean War
• EPC = European Political Community => defense is useless without same political goal
• WEU = Western European Union, group of extra tied European countries for defense
• 1957, Treaty of Rome: establishing common market with EEC & Euratom
• 1959, EFTA with European countries against EEC + was looser and more intergovernmental
• Cold War brings dilemma for USA; Europe is split in 2… USA supports EEC for political goal. UK member of EEC? => Veto of De
Gaulle, UK will promote American interests
• OEEC task to economic development & Marshall Plan of USA among 17 “West European” countries.
• 1965, countries want to join EEC. Empty Chair Crisis: France stopped coming to Council because agricultural policy. Because of QMV
where bigger countries were in minority, they expected this would work against them only.
• Luxembourg Compromise 1966 => if country declares it is of vital national interest, vote will not take place in Council (veto right that
had not existed until then!)
• 1973 => enlargement, UK, Denmark and Ireland
• Structural Funds = assist economic less-developed member states
• Eurosclerosis = in 1970s because of international currency instability, oil crisis and in ation less enthusiasm about European
integration.
• Rebate = UK asks in 1981 for payments back because big wealthy countries pay too much for poorer agricultural funds
• Elysée Treaty = 1963, France and Germany bond = very close, in 2019 Aachen Treaty, the two countries may represent each other in
nancial meetings (very rare!)
• 1986 => Single Market Act —> established in 1992
• Germany was uni ed, which caused some fear, but chose clearly European side and NATO
• Maastricht Treaty 1993 established the European Union! Single Market + single currency (EMU) + security policy.
• EU after Maastricht would be characterized by di erentiation = semi-permanent di erentiation between member states in policy areas,
lacked uniformity. Always been the case, but given time to x this.
• Amsterdam Treaty 1997 furthers foreign and defense policy: some EU countries were neutral/couldn’t become members of NATO +
review the Union and revise in line with objectives. Integrationist vs. intergovernmentalists like UK.
• 2000 IGC => Amsterdam leftovers, enlargement was frightening + applying countries were transforming. Treaty of Nice = 2001 =>
QMV, yellow card procedure, each member state 1 commissioner. Future of Europe debate + constitutionalization.
• 2002 = introduction of the Euro
• Huge expansion with 10 countries in 2004 with the Copenhagen Criteria
• CT was amended, more focus on democracy and e ciency. However, Constitutional Treaty rejected by France and Netherlands
referendum. Rati cation crisis
• 2007 = Lisbon Treaty => amending treaty altered the CT to TEU and TFEU. Less constitutional language. Irish voters still against. Made
the Spitzenkandidaten procedure possible.
• Shows the democratic de cit the EU faced and still faces!
• Unanimity = emergency brakes!
• Deepening & widening integration => intensi cation of integration processes vs enlargement in terms of member states.
• Communitarization = When tasks or objectives are shifted from the responsibility of the member states to the responsibility of the
community.
• Petersbergs tasks = Humanitarian and rescue tasks, peacekeeping and crisis management including peacemaking.
Week 3: Theories of Integration and Institutions of the EU
• Theories of integration:
• Classic integration theories => both want to understand and explain the process of integration
• Neofunctionalism = more optimist = constructivism
• Driving force = non-state actors, like the ECJ, Commission, public opinion etc.
• Core features
• Spillover => cooperation in one policy area creates pressure in neighboring areas to also cooperate/integrate. 3 types:
Functional/technical => interdependencies between issue areas, Political => lobby for additional integration, Cultivated
=> entrepreneurial activities of supranational actors
• Important role of non-state actors
• Elitist approach => elite has loyalty towards EU and want it to succeed.
• Criticisms: slow pace of integration, nation-states are still important and too technical/funcitonalist & lacks understanding of
legitimacy
fi
fifi fi fi fi ffffi fi ff fl
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper meneer214. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €2,99. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
Is Stuvia te vertrouwen?
4,6 sterren op Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
Afgelopen 30 dagen zijn er 83637 samenvattingen verkocht
Opgericht in 2010, al 14 jaar dé plek om samenvattingen te kopen