This is a short summary with all the learning goals + important stuff included. We discussed this during the tutorials and I included answers from multiple tutorial groups. There are some notes from the course coordinator as well.
Learning goals
1. What do we remember about brain repair and brain recovery? (apply to the case for
discussion; refresh knowledge from period 1)
a. Neuroplasticity
i. Enhance neuroplasticity - TMS/TES, pharmacological agents, cognitive
control training, exercise
b. Functional plasticity
i. Homologous area adaptation; Cross-modal reassignment; Map expansion;
Compensatory masquerade
c. how pessimistic - optimistic is clinical neuropsychology about brain repair? Why is
this incongruent with science?
i. With increasing research on plasticity NP becomes more optimistic about
plasticity and its benefits
ii. Link to case:
iii. Reorganisation in brain MS patient → inverted U-shape; hyperconnectivity
(early stages) and hypoconnectivity (later stages)
iv. NIBS potential intervention MS → induce LTP/LTD
d. Quote to discuss: People with ABI need a safe, structured and organized
environment: Factors(ICY model) -> interrelationship between contextual factors
(EF),Personal factors (PF;functioning and disability) and activities and participation
(AP)
e. Tutor: Han article: positive view and the nasios article is more pessimistic that you
need a personal approach
2. What are the theoretical models of neuropsychological rehabilitation?
a. Holistic approach
b. Neuropsychological rehabilitation (NR) is concerned with the amelioration of
cognitive, emotional, psychosocial, and behavioral deficits caused by an insult to the
brain There is widespread recognition that cognition, emotion, and psychosocial
functioning are interlinked, and all should be targeted in rehabilitation. Client-based
goal setting for rehabilitation goals is an important factor in this. The basis of the
holistic approach is to look at the individual on all functional levels and to consider
how they interact with each other.
c. Learning Theory
i. Foundation of CBT
ii. Basic idea: with more practice you become better and recover/restore
iii. Functions associated with tasks
d. FP: explain the second quote in the scheme, what can be influenced? brain?
compensation of handicap? strategy? inform the environment?
i. ´It takes the whole brain to make a cup of coffee´ -> explains the holistic
approach -> when conducting any task cognition, emotion and psychosocial
functioning interact with each other -> when one component suffers, the
whole system suffers!
e. quote to discuss: Personal and environmental influences can be considered the
supporting or limiting factors in the rehabilitation treatment: Personal factors can
have limiting effects (wrong coping mechanism) or better effects (good coping
mechanisms). This is the same for environment; good/bad supporting system
1
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