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Bayes' rule correct answers Given some observed data x, the posterior probability that the parameter Θ has the value θ is p(θ|x) = p(x|θ)p(θ)/p(x), where p(x|θ) is the likelihood, p(θ) is the prior probability of the value θ, and p(x) is the marginal probability of the value x. condition...

Applying Bayes (Real-world) correct answers Requires application of Bayes Theorem to every data point First Big Idea correct answers Belief is a matter of degree Second Big Idea correct answers Degree of belief should be treated as probabilities Bayes' Theorem (equation) correct answers P(...

Bayesian Metaphor correct answers -Three approaches or metaphors for human cognition - Information processing metaphor - Connectionist Metaphor - Bayesian Metaphor Information processing metaphor correct answers -the mind as a serial computer,with memory stores, buffers, executive control, .....

essential characteristic of Bayesian methods correct answers is their explicit use of probabilities for quantifying uncertainty in inferences based on statistical data analysis process of Bayesian data analysis, 3 steps correct answers 1) set up a *full* probability model 2) condition on observe...

Probability in Bayesian terms (as opposed to classical) correct answers How confident you are that a hypothesis is true Time in Bayesian vs. Classical correct answers Generally you cannot update classical models as time goes on, you can with Bayesian Product Rule correct answers P(A, B) = P(A)...

P value correct answers the true probability that the test statistic would be as far from expected as it is IF the null hypothesis is true Induction or falsification? correct answers Falsification - induction is logically invalid - science must proceed by eliminating false ideas Hypothesis t...

Define thinking correct answers the flexible organisation and manipulation of internal representations helps us to understand the world processes of thinking correct answers physical stimuli - sensory representation - semantic representation - desired goal - plan how are representations for...

6.1 Probability theory: What is it? correct answers a rigorous mathematical theory based on axioms [Kolmogorov axioms, named after the Russian mathematician Andrey Kolmogorov] 6.2 Probability theory: What is a random variable? A random variable X is a variable that... correct answers • Capit...

What are the Axioms of Probability correct answers 1. Probability between 0 and 1 2. Adds up to 1 3. Sum of Independent events by adding them What is the Sample Subspace correct answers Set out Outcomes What is an Event correct answers Subset of the sample space What is the Conditional Pr...

Bayes' Rule correct answers P(Ai | B) = P(Ai) * P(B | Ai) / Σ P(Aj) * P(B | Aj) Sample Space correct answers The collection of all possible outcomes for an experiment. Event correct answers A collection of outcomes for the experiment, that is, any subset of the sample space. not A correct...

Drawbacks of Null-Hypothesis Testing correct answers *Tests are not the event* - The results of a cancer test are not the same as actually having cancer *Tests are flawed* - Tests may identify patterns that do not exist (Type I error), and miss ones that do (Type II error)! *Tests give test pr...

Prior Distribution correct answers