Summary is the form of question and answer of Unit one of the prescribed textbook for HCLT101-1, Computer Literacy. Including learning activities and lecture notes
HCLT101 – 1: Unit 1
Define the concept ‘computer’.
A computer can be defined as an electronic device that has the ability to accept data, internally store data and
automatically execute programs or instructions. It can perform mathematical, logical and manipulative
operations on the data, and then report the results.
A computer system is a combination of elements. Name these elements.
• Hardware
• Software
• Data / information
• Procedures
• People
• Communications
Describe hardware as an element of a computer system.
Hardware is the term used to describe the physical components of the computer. For example: Mouse,
keyboard
Describe software as an element of a computer system.
Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell a computer how to perform a task. The
software uses the hardware to perform functions.
Describe data / information as an element of a computer system.
Data consists of the facts and figures which are entered into a computer in order to be processed into
information. The terms data and information are often used synonymously as information can be used as
data. We use data to provide information. (Data gets processed into information.)
Describe ‘procedures’ as an element of a computer.
Procedures are descriptions and instructions of how things should be done. For example, system manuals.
Describe the term ‘people’ as an element of a computer system.
People are the most important component of a computer system as they generate software and operate the
computer.
Name and describe the different types of people that form part of a computer system
• Computer professional: This person has formal training or education in the technical aspects of using
computers, for example network technicians and programmers
• User (End-user): This is a person who uses computers to perform tasks. It is not necessary to be a
computer professional in order to use a computer successfully
, Describe the term communications as an element of a computer system.
Communications is a term which describes the ability of one computer system to communicate with another
computer system. This can be done through networking computers together.
Name and describe the functions of a computer.
• Storing: All data that is entered into a computer can be saved and stored for future use. The process of
entering data is referred to as input.
• Retrieving: Any stored information can be retrieved and used again
• Displaying: Data and information can be displayed on the monitor. This is referred to as output.
• Editing: Once information has been retrieved, it can be modified, or changed. This includes adding or
removing data.
• Printing: Completed work can be printed out (Output)
• Sending and receiving: Documents and information can be sent to other computers via modems or
networks.
Use a diagram to illustrate how data gets processed
• Keyboard,
Input mouse
Central • Storage:
Hard drives,
processing unit external
(RAM+ROM) drives
• Monitor,
Output
printer
Name the different categories of computer hardware.
• Input hardware
• Processing hardware
• Storage hardware
• Output hardware
• Communication hardware
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