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Beskryf die anatomie van die dikotiele wortel, stingel en blaar as plantorgaan.
ONDERWERP 3:
ORGANE: ANATOMIE VAN
DIKOTIELE PLANTE
Organe
1. Wortel 2. Stingel 3. Blare
1. Dikotiele wortel:
Hooffunksies:
Absorbeer water en minerale.
Anker plant in die grond.
Uitwendige bou:
Bestaan uit VYF streke:
1. Wortelmus – omsluit en beskerm die groeipunt.
2. Meristematiese streek – vorm nuwe selle.
3. Verleningstreek – nuwe selle word langer.
4. Wortelhaarstreek – eensellige, epidermale uitgroeisels wat
absorpsie-oppervlak van wortel vergroot
5. Volwasse streek:
i. sywortels ontspring en vertak in die streek.
ii. vergroot absorpsie-oppervlak.
iii. anker plant stewig in grond.
Funksies van weefsels in ‘n dikotiele wortel:
Wortelhare – vergroot absorpsie-oppervlak vir water- en mineraalopname.
Epidermis – beskerm onderliggende weefsels.
Parenchiem – laat water en minerale deurbeweeg na xileem en berg stysel.
Endodermis – reguleer die deurbeweging van water vanaf die korteks na die xileem.
Perisikel – vorm sywortels.
Xileem:
o Vervoer water en minerale vanaf wortels na die res van die plant.
o Dien as ondersteuning en versterking vir die plant.
Floeëm – vervoer voedingstowwe vanaf die fotosinterende dele na die res van die plant.
2. Dikotiele stingel
Hooffunksies:
Dra blare vir absorpsie van lig vir fotosintese.
Dra blomme vir bestuiwing.
Dra vrugte vir verspreiding van sade.
Vervoer water en minerale vanaf wortels na res van die plant.
Vervoer voedingstowwe vanaf blare na die res van die plant.
Berg reserwe voedingstowwe en water.
2
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