This is a comprehensive study guide that covers the learning outcomes of the sociocultural level of analysis in IB Psychology HL. These notes are highly detailed, and include diagrams and mind maps to facilitate quick learning of essential concepts. The study guide provides detailed studies for ea...
Psychology IB Diploma Programme SL/HL Unit 1 Research Methodology P3 notes
Piaget’s Theory of Development
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IB Psychology HL
Sociocultural Analysis of Behaviour
Index
● The individual and the group
○ Social identity theory
■ Tajfel et al (1971)—minimal group experiment 1
○ Social cognitive theory
■ Bandura et al. (1961) - Bobo doll
■ Charlton et al. (2002)-St. Helena Study
● Stereotypes
○ Cultural origins of behaviour and cognition
■ Hamilton and Gifford (1976)
○ Culture and its influence on behaviour and cognition
■ Steele and Aronson (1995)
○ Cultural dimensions
■ Chiu (1972)—cognitive styles in Chinese and US students
■ Hofstede (1973)—the multinational survey
● Cultural influences on individual attitudes, identity and behaviours
○ Enculturation
■ Trainor et al (2012)—active learning as the mechanism of musical
enculturation
■ Odden and Rochat (2004)
○ Acculturation
■ Miranda and Matheny (2000)
■ Lueck and Wilson (2010)
● The influence of globalization on individual behaviour (HL only)
○ Ogihara and Uchida (2014)
○ Norasakkunkit and Uchida (2014)
, IB Psychology HL
Social Identity Theory
Social Identity Theory:
• Suggests that the groups we join automatically
become the in-group and all other groups become
out-groups.
• Can lead to discrimination and intergroup conflicts
in extreme situations
TAJFEL (1970) - Giving points to art groups
● AIM: See if intergroup discrimination would take place when put into different groups
regardless of any prior prejudice
● PROCEDURE:
○ 48 boys aged 14-15
○ Rate 12 paintings and told that they were placed in groups based on ratings (but
was random)
○ P. had to award points to a boy from each of the two groups using one of two point
allocation systems
■ SYSTEM 1: Points linked, sum of points was 15 - the other boy given
remainder of points
■ SYSTEM 2: G.1 member gave higher value to in-group, out-group would
receive more points. Mid-range values were equal for both groups, if low
value for in-group, only 1 point awarded to out-group.
● FINDINGS:
○ SYSTEM 1: More points given to in-group (in-group favouritism)
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