1.a) District Health Systems were introduced in order to:
- Deliver a more specified form of community healthcare and better target individual
communities (e.g: certain areas in Limpopo could have healthcare systems in place that
were better equipped to deal with malaria in certain districts).
- Have better planning and management of resources/services for a community. Operating
in smaller districts meant that healthcare could be more equitable, accessible and
appropriate to each area and problems wouldn’t be overlooked or slip through the cracks
because healthcare would now be operating on less of a broad/national basis in each
district.
- Ensure efficient and effective healthcare is delivered to each district. With officials in
charge of healthcare in each district, this would ensure that healthcare facilities in certain
areas could stay on top of service delivery and control specialised care better – e.g: officials
in charge could ensure efficient care by making sure that resources needed to treat malaria
could be delivered to district hospitals in certain areas of Limpopo.
- Ensure community participation in healthcare delivery. By creating smaller areas in which
healthcare operated; a more holistic community-based healthcare system could be created
which catered to the community. District healthcare made it easier to receive the input of
the community and not be overwhelmed by their demands.
- Promote the coordination of healthcare activities in a smaller area (the district) making it
easier to manage.
-Include NGO’s, traditional healers and the private sector in the creation of a more
community-based healthcare which targeted the specific needs of the community.
1.b) There are three levels of health services in South Africa.
Level 1:
Primary healthcare clinics/community centers/district hospitals are the first level of
healthcare and entry into healthcare in South Africa. They are less specialized in that they
deal with less severe or rare illnesses or conditions and primarily provide care to children,
expectant mothers, the elderly and adults for easily treated diseases, counselling, TB or HIV
care or maternity care. Services are free and level 1 healthcare is usually not open around
the clock but rather for approximately 8 hours a day. There is rarely an operating theatre or
room for surgical procedures, and although there are wards with a few beds for overnight
observation, there are rarely in-patients in level 1 healthcare. Often if a condition is severe
or requires more specialized care; patients are referred from level 1 healthcare systems
(usually district hospitals) to level 2 healthcare systems (regional hospitals).
Level 2:
Regional hospitals offer a more specific treatment plan to patients that have usually been
referred from district hospitals or other forms of level 1 healthcare facilities. More
specialized doctors such as those in surgery, orthopaedics, paediatrics, obstetrics and
gynaecology, psychiatrists, radiologists and anaesethetics practice in these hospitals in order
to cater to more complicated pregnancies and illnesses or perform surgeries. Regional
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